Tra từ fire - Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

fire [fire fires fired firing] noun, verb BrE [ˈfaɪə(r)] NAmE [ˈfaɪər]
noun

STH BURNING
1. uncountable the flames, light and heat, and often smoke, that are produced when sth burns
• Most animals are afraid of fire.
2. uncountable, countable flames that are out of control and destroy buildings, trees, etc
• The car was now on fire.
• The warehouse has been badly damaged by fire.
•Several youths had set fire to the police car (= had made it start burning).
•A candle had set the curtains on fire.
•These thatched roofs frequently catch fire (= start to burn).
•forest fires
•Five people died in a house fire last night.
•A small fire had started in the kitchen.
•Fires were breaking out everywhere.
•It took two hours to put out the fire (= stop it burning).

FOR HEATING/COOKING
3. countable a pile of burning fuel, such as wood or coal, used for cooking food or heating a room
•to make/build a fire
•a log/coal fire
• Sam had lit a fire to welcome us home.
• Come and get warm by the fire.
•We sat in front of a roaring fire.
see also ↑bonfire, ↑campfire
4. countable (especially BrE)a piece of equipment for heating a room
•a gas/electric fire
• Shall I put the fire on?
see also ↑heater

FROM GUNS
5. uncountable shots from guns
•a burst of machine-gun fire
•to return fire (= to fire back at sb who is shooting at you)
• The gunmen opened fire on (= started shooting at) the police.
• Their vehicle came under fire (= was being shot at).
•He ordered his men to hold their fire (= not to shoot).
•A young girl was in the line of fire (= between the person shooting and what he/she was shooting at).
•I'll give you covering fire while you try to escape.

ANGER/ENTHUSIASM
6. uncountable very strong emotion, especially anger or enthusiasm
•Her eyes were full of fire.
•The fire seemed to die in him when his wife left.
more at a ball of fire at ↑ball _n., a baptism of fire at ↑baptism, draw sb's fire at ↑draw _v., fight fire with fire at ↑fight _v., out of the frying pan into the fire at ↑frying pan, get on like a house on fire at ↑house _n., have several, etc. irons in the fire at ↑iron _n., (there is) no smoke without fire at ↑smoke _n., set the world on fire at ↑world

Word Origin:
Old English fȳr (noun), fȳrian ‘supply with material for a fire’, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch vuur and German Feuer.

Thesaurus:
fire noun
1. U, C
•The car was now on fire.
flames • |especially journalism blaze • • inferno • |technical combustion •
start a fire/blaze
fight/tackle/contain/put out/extinguish a fire/the flames/a blaze
a fire/blaze breaks out/starts
a fire/flames/a blaze spreads/spread
2. C
•Get warm by the fire.
bonfire • • campfire •
build/make/light a fire/bonfire/campfire
sit/gather round/around a fire/bonfire/campfire
a fire/bonfire/campfire burns

Example Bank:
•A few soldiers were sent out to draw the enemy's fire.
•A few soldiers were sent out to draw= attract the enemy's fire.
•A fire broke out in the mail room.
•A fire roaring in the hearth added warmth to the room.
•A lantern was knocked over and the barn caught fire.
•A missile ignited a fire that burned for three days.
•Although it was summer a fire burned in the great stone hearth.
•Call the fire brigade/department!
•Enemy fire continued to rain down.
•Fire crews arrived and began to fight the flames.
•Firefighters have now managed to bring the fire under control.
•Firefighters struggled to control the fire.
•Foam-filled couches are a serious fire hazard.
•Frustrated ambitions can fuel the fire of anger and resentment.
•Groups of rioters attacked and set the police headquarters on fire.
•He joined the crowds of men and women fighting the fire.
•In 1925 a disastrous fire swept through the museum.
•In 2008, the fire season started with a huge fire in New Mexico.
•Is the fire still on?
•Kim had managed to kindle a little fire of dry grass.
•On cold nights we stoked up the fire to a blaze.
•Put some more wood on the fire.
•Several soldiers were killed in friendly fire due a mistake by allied forces.
•She fed the fire with the branches next to her.
•She returned fire from behind the low wall.
•Someone had set fire to her car.
•Strong winds fanned the fire.
•The EU came under fire from the US over its biotech policy.
•The building suffered extensive fire damage.
•The commandos pushed forward under the covering fire of their artillery.
•The factory was destroyed in a fire started by arsonists.
•The fire burned for three days before it was finally contained.
•The fire gutted the building, leaving just a charred shell.
•The fire licked the roof of the house.
•The fire smoked instead of burning properly.
•The fire was beginning to die down.
•The interior was only lit by the golden glow of the fire.
•The minister of transport came under fire for forcing increases in rail fares.
•The sprinkler system came on and doused the fire.
•The thief got away down the fire escape.
•The troops opened fire on the crowd.
•They were told to hold their fire until the enemy came closer.
•Unfortunately he was in the line of fire and got shot.
•Unfortunately he was in the line of fire= between the people shooting and what they were shooting at and got shot.
•Use a match to light the gas fire.
•We had plenty of dry wood, so the fire lit easily.
•We have regular fire drills to ensure that the staff know how to evacuate the building.
•We were under constant fire from enemy snipers.
•When we go on safari we like to cook on an open fire.
•fire code violations
•legislation related to fire safety
•A candle had set the curtains on fire.
•Fires were breaking out everywhere.
•He returned with a new kind of fire in his belly, determined to win.
•It took several days to bring the forest fires under control.
•It took two hours to put out the fire.
•Several youths had set fire to the police car.
•Something of the old fire had returned to their rivalry.
•The car was now on fire.
•The fire seemed to die in him when his wife died.
•There's a small gas fire under the mantelpiece.
•These thatched roofs frequently catch fire.
•We sat in front of a roaring fire.
•Who's going to build the fire?
Idioms: fire questions/insults at somebody ▪ ↑hang fire ▪ ↑on fire ▪ ↑play with fire ▪ under fire
Derived: ↑fire away ▪ ↑fire somebody up ▪ ↑fire something off ▪ ↑fire something up

verb

SHOOT
1. intransitive, transitive to shoot bullets from a gun
• The officer ordered his men to fire.
•~ on sb/sth Soldiers fired on the crowd.
•~ sth They ran away as soon as the first shot was fired.
•~ (sth) (into sth) He fired the gun into the air.
•~ (sth) (at sb/sth) Missiles were fired at the enemy.
2. intransitive, transitive (of a gun)to shoot bullets out
• We heard the sound of guns firing.
•~ sth A starter's pistol fires only blanks.
3. transitive ~ sth to shoot an arrow
•She fired an arrow at the target.

FROM JOB
4. transitive ~ sb to force sb to leave their job
Syn: ↑sack
• We had to fire him for dishonesty.
• She got fired from her first job.
•He was responsible for hiring and firing staff.

MAKE SB ENTHUSIASTIC
5. transitive ~ sb (with sth) to make sb feel very excited about sth or interested in sth
•The talk had fired her with enthusiasm for the project.
•His imagination had been fired by the film.

OF ENGINE
6. intransitive when an engine fires, an electrical ↑spark is produced that makes the fuel burn and the engine start to work

-FIRED
7. (in adjectives)using the fuel mentioned in order to operate
•gas-fired central heating

CLAY OBJECTS
8. transitive ~ sth to heat a ↑clay object to make it hard and strong
•to fire pottery
•to fire bricks in a kiln
more at working/firing on all cylinders at ↑cylinder
Verb forms:

Word Origin:
Old English fȳr (noun), fȳrian ‘supply with material for a fire’, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch vuur and German Feuer.

Thesaurus:
fire verb
1. I, T
•The officer ordered his men to fire.
shoot • • open fire • • launch •
fire/shoot at sb
fire/open fire on sb/sth
fire/shoot blanks/bullets/arrows
fire/launch a missile/torpedo
2. T, often passive
•We had to fire him for dishonesty.
lay sb off • • let sb go • • dismiss • |BrE make sb redundant • |especially BrE, informal sack • • give sb the sack • |formal discharge • |BrE, journalism axe • |AmE, journalism ax •
Opp: hire
fire sb/lay sb off/dismiss sb/make sb redundant/sack sb/give sb the sack/discharge sb from a job
fire/lay off/dismiss/sack/axe staff/workers/empoyees
make staff/workers/empoyees redundant

Collocations:
Unemployment
Losing your job
lose your job
(BrE) become/be made redundant
be offered/take voluntary redundancy/early retirement
face/be threatened with dismissal/(BrE) the sack/(BrE) compulsory redundancy
dismiss/fire/ (especially BrE) sack an employee/a worker/a manager
lay off staff/workers/employees
(AustralE, NZE, SAfrE) retrench workers
cut/reduce/downsize/slash the workforce
(BrE) make staff/workers/employees redundant
Being unemployed
be unemployed/out of work/out of a job
seek/look for work/employment
be on/collect/draw/get/receive (both BrE) unemployment benefit/jobseeker's allowance
be/go/live/sign (BrE, informal) on the dole
claim/draw/get (BrE, informal) the dole
be on/qualify for (NAmE) unemployment (compensation)
be/go/live/depend (NAmE) on welfare
collect/receive (NAmE) welfare
combat/tackle/cut/reduce unemployment

Collocations:
War and peace
Starting a war
declare/make/wage war (on sb/sth)
go to war (against/with sb)
cause/spark/provoke/foment/quell unrest
incite/lead/crush/suppress a revolt/rebellion
launch/mount/carry out a surprise/terrorist attack
prevent/halt/represent an escalation of the conflict
be torn apart by/be on the brink of civil war
enter/invade/occupy sb's territory
lead/launch/resist/repel an invasion
Military operations
adopt/develop/implement/pursue a military strategy
carry out/execute/perform military operations/manoeuvres/(especially US) maneuvers
send/deploy/station/pull back/withdraw troops
go on/fly/carry out a reconnaissance/rescue mission
train/equip/deploy army/military/combat units
lead/launch/conduct a raid/a surprise attack/an (air/airborne/amphibious) assault (on sb)
employ/use guerrilla tactics
conduct/wage biological/guerrilla warfare
fight/crush/defeat the rebels/the insurgency
suffer/inflict a crushing defeat
achieve/win a decisive victory
halt/stop the British/German/Russian advance
order/force a retreat
Fighting
join/serve in the army/navy/air force
be/go/remain/serve on active duty
serve/complete/return from a tour of duty
be sent to the front (line)
attack/strike/engage/defeat/kill/destroy the enemy
see/report/be engaged in heavy fighting
call for/be met with armed resistance
come under heavy/machine-gun/mortar fire
fire a machine-gun/mortar shells/rockets (at sb/sth)
shoot a rifle/a pistol/bullets/missiles
launch/fire a cruise/ballistic/anti-tank missile
use biological/chemical/nuclear weapons
inflict/suffer/sustain heavy losses/casualties
be hit/killed by enemy/friendly/artillery fire
become/be held as a prisoner of war
Civilians in war
harm/kill/target/protect innocent/unarmed civilians
cause/avoid/limit/minimize civilian casualties/collateral damage
impose/enforce/lift a curfew
engage in/be a victim of ethnic cleansing
be sent to an internment/a concentration camp
accept/house/resettle refugees fleeing from war
fear/threaten military/violent reprisals
commit/be accused of war crimes/crimes against humanity/genocide
Making peace
make/bring/win/achieve/maintain/promote peace
call for/negotiate/broker/declare a ceasefire/a temporary truce
sign a ceasefire agreement
call for/bring/put an end to hostilities
demand/negotiate/accept the surrender of sb/sth
establish/send (in) a peacekeeping force
negotiate/conclude/ratify/sign/accept/reject/break/violate a peace treaty

Example Bank:
•A dense volley of missiles was fired directly at the ship.
•He grabbed the shotgun and levelled it, ready to fire if anyone entered.
•He grabbed the shotgun, ready to fire if anyone entered.
•He ordered the troops to fire over the heads of the crowd.
•She fired a revolver at her attacker.
•She fired blindly into the mass of shadows.
•The police fired on protesters in the city centre.
•Whitlock purposely fired wide.
•A starter's pistol fires only blanks.
•He was responsible for hiring and firing employees.
•Soldiers fired on the crowd, killing several people.
•The lecture had fired her with enthusiasm for the project.
•The speaker knew how to fire the blood.
•The stories fired his imagination