Tra từ do - Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

▪ I. do 1 [do does did doing done] verb, auxiliary verb, noun BrE [də] NAmE [də] BrE [du] NAmE [du] BrE strong form [duː] AmE strong form [duː]
» irregular verbs
see also ↑do ²
verb

ACTION
1. transitive ~ sth used to refer to actions that you do not mention by name or do not know about
• What are you doing this evening?
• We will do what we can to help.
•Are you doing anything tomorrow evening?
•The company ought to do something about the poor service.
•What have you done to your hair?
•There's nothing to do (= no means of passing the time in an enjoyable way) in this place.
•There's nothing we can do about it (= we can't change the situation).
•What can I do for you (= how can I help)?

BEHAVE
2. intransitive to act or behave in the way mentioned
•~ as… Do as you're told!
•They are free to do as they please.
•+ adv./prep. You would do well to (= I advise you to) consider all the options before buying.

SUCCEED/PROGRESS
3. intransitive + adv./prep. used to ask or talk about the success or progress of sb/sth
• How is the business doing?
• She did well out of (= made a big profit from) the deal.
•He's doing very well at school (= his work is good).
•Both mother and baby are doing well (= after the birth of the baby).
• (informal)How are you doing (= how are you)?

TASK/ACTIVITY
4. transitive ~ sth to work at or perform an activity or a task
• I'm doing some research on the subject.
• I have a number of things to do today.
•I do aerobics once a week.
•Let's do (= meet for) lunch.
• (informal)Sorry. I don't do funny (= I can't be funny).
5. transitive ~ sth used with nouns to talk about tasks such as cleaning, washing, arranging, etc.
•to do (= wash) the dishes
•to do (= arrange) the flowers
•I like the way you've done your hair.
6. transitive to perform the activity or task mentioned ~ the ironing, cooking, shopping, etc.
•I like listening to the radio when I'm doing the ironing.
•~ some, a little, etc. acting, writing, etc. She did a lot of acting when she was at college.

JOB
7. transitive ~ sth (usually used in questions)to work at sth as a job
•What do you do (= what is your job)?
• What does she want to do when she leaves school?
•What did she do for a living?
•What's Tom doing these days?

STUDY
8. transitive ~ sth to learn or study sth
•I'm doing physics, biology and chemistry.
•Have you done any (= studied anything by) Keats?

SOLVE
9. transitive ~ sth to find the answer to sth; to solve sth
•I can't do this sum.
•Are you good at doing crosswords?

MAKE
10. transitive to produce or make sth
•~ sth to do a drawing/painting/sketch
• Does this pub do (= provide) lunches?
• Who's doing (= organizing and preparing) the food for the wedding reception?
•~ sth for sb I'll do a copy for you.
•~ sb sth I'll do you a copy.

PERFORM
11. transitive ~ sth to perform or produce a play, an ↑opera, etc
•The local dramatic society is doing ‘Hamlet’ next month.

COPY SB
12. transitive ~ sb/sth to copy sb's behaviour or the way sb speaks, sings, etc, especially in order to make people laugh
•He does a great Elvis Presley.
•Can you do a Welsh accent?

FINISH
13. intransitive, transitive to finish sth have/be done
•Sit there and wait till I've done.
•have/be done doing sth I've done talking— let's get started.
•get sth done Did you get your article done in time?

TRAVEL
14. transitive ~ sth to travel a particular distance
•How many miles did you do during your tour?
•My car does 40 miles to the gallon (= uses one gallon of petrol/gas to travel 40 miles).
15. transitive ~ sth to complete a journey/trip
•We did the round trip in two hours.

SPEED
16. transitive ~ sth to travel at or reach a particular speed
•The car was doing 90 miles an hour.

VISIT
17. transitive ~ sth (informal)to visit a place as a tourist
•We did Tokyo in three days.

SPEND TIME
18. transitive ~ sth to spend a period of time doing sth
• She did a year at college, but then dropped out.
• He did six years (= in prison) for armed robbery.

DEAL WITH
19. transitive ~ sb/sth to deal with or attend to sb/sth
•The hairdresser said she could do me (= cut my hair) at three.

BE SUITABLE/ENOUGH
20. intransitive, transitive to be suitable or be enough for sb/sth
•‘Can you lend me some money?’ ‘Sure— will $20 do?’
•~ for sb/sth These shoes won't do for the party.
•~ as sth The box will do fine as a table.
•~ sb (+ adv./prep.) (especially BrE)This room will do me nicely, thank you (= it has everything I need).

COOK
21. transitive ~ sth to cook sth
•How would you like your steak done?

CHEAT
22. transitive, usually passive ~ sb (BrE, informal)to cheat sb
•This isn't a genuine antique— you've been done.

PUNISH
23. transitive ~ sb (for sth) (BrE, informal)to punish sb
•They did him for tax evasion.
•She got done for speeding.

STEAL
24. transitive ~ sth (informal)to steal from a place
•The gang did a warehouse and a supermarket.

TAKE DRUGS
25. transitive ~ sth (informal)to take an illegal drug
•He doesn't smoke, drink or do drugs.

HAVE SEX
26. transitive ~ it (slang)to have sex
Rem: Most idioms containing do are at the entries for the nouns and adjectives in the idioms, for example do a bunk is at bunk.
Verb forms:

Word Origin:
1 Old English dōn, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch doen and German tun, from an Indo-European root shared by Greek tithēmi ‘I place’ and Latin facere ‘make, do’.

Thesaurus:
do verb
1. T
•They did an experiment to see if it would work.
carry sth out • • commit • • go through sth • • perform • |formal conduct • • undertake • • implement • |BrE, formal practise • |AmE, formal practice •
do/carry out/perform/conduct/undertake the/a/an work/activity/analysis/investigation/review/assessment
do/carry out/go through/perform a manoeuvre
do/carry out/implement a plan/policy/strategy
2. I (always used with an adverb or preposition) (especially spoken)
•He's doing very well at school.
perform • |BrE get on/along • |especially spoken go • |especially written fare •
do/perform/get on/go/fare well
do/perform/go brilliantly/excellently/badly
do/perform/fare poorly
Do or go? Do is used to talk about the progress or success of either a person or a thing, especially how popular or profitable a business is; go is only used about things, especially experiences such as an interview, a test or life in general.
3. T (especially spoken)
•She did a drawing of a house.
make • • create • • produce •
do/make/create/produce a drawing/painting
do/make/produce a sketch/copy

Synonyms:
make
do • create • develop • produce • generate • form
These words all mean to make sth from parts or materials, or to cause sth to exist or happen.
make • to create or prepare sth by combining materials or putting parts together; to cause sth to exist or happen: ▪ She makes her own clothes. ◇ ▪ She ▪ made a good impression ▪ on the interviewer.
do • (rather informal) to make or prepare sth, especially sth artistic or sth to eat: ▪ He did a beautiful drawing of a house. ◇ ▪ Who's doing the food for the party?
create • to make sth exist or happen, especially sth new that did not exist before: ▪ Scientists disagree about how the universe was created.
make or create?
Make is a more general word and is more often used for physical things: you would usually make a table/dress/cake but create jobs/wealth. You can use create for sth physical in order to emphasize how original or unusual the object is: ▪ Try this new dish, created by our head chef.
develop • (used especially in business contexts) to think of and produce a new product: ▪ to develop new software
produce • to make things to be sold; to create sth using skill: ▪ a factory that produces microchips
generate • to produce or create sth, especially power, money or ideas: ▪ to generate electricity ◇ ▪ Brainstorming is a good way of generating ideas.
form • [often passive] to make sth from sth else; to make sth into sth else: ▪ Rearrange the letters to form a new word. ◇ ▪ The chain is formed from 136 links.
to make/create/develop/produce/generate/form sth from/out of sth
to make/form sth into sth
to make/produce wine
to create/develop a new product
to create/produce/generate income/profits/wealth
to produce/generate electricity/heat/power

Vocabulary Building:
Household jobs: do or make?
To talk about jobs in the home you can use such phrases as wash the dishes, clean the kitchen floor, set the table, etc. In conversation the verb do is often used instead: ▪ Let me do the dishes. ◇ ▪ Michael said he would do the kitchen floor. ◇ ▪ It’s your turn to do the table. Do is often used with nouns ending -ing: ▪ to do the shopping/cleaning/ironing/vacuuming.
The verb make is used especially in the phrase make the beds and when you are talking about preparing or cooking food: ▪ He makes a great lasagne. ◇ ▪ I’ll make breakfast while you’re having a shower. You can also say get, get ready and, especially in NAmE, fix for preparing meals: ▪ Can you get dinner while I put the kids to bed? ◇ ▪ Sit down — I’ll fix supper for you.

Example Bank:
•Both mother and baby are doing well.
•Do as you're told!
•Do whatever you like.
•Does this pub do lunches?
•Have you done any Keats?
•He did a beautiful drawing of a house.
•He doesn't smoke, drink or do drugs.
•He's doing very well at school.
•How many miles did you do yesterday?
•I can't do this sum.
•I like listening to the radio when I'm doing the ironing.
•I like the way you've done your hair.
•I'll do a copy for you.
•I'm doing physics, chemistry and biology.
•I'm doing some research on the subject.
•Just do what they tell you to do.
•Let's do lunch.
•My car does 40 miles to the gallon.
•She did well out of the deal.
•Sorry. I don't do funny
•There's nothing to do in this place.
•There's nothing we can do about it.
•We did the round trip in under three hours.
•What can I do for you?
•What did she do for a living?
•Who's doing the flowers for the wedding?
•You could help me by doing the dishes.
Idioms: ↑dos and don'ts ▪ have something/nothing/a lot to do with somebody ▪ ↑it won't do ▪ ↑no you don't ▪ ↑not do a lot for somebody ▪ ↑nothing doing ▪ ↑that does it ▪ ↑that will do ▪ ↑that's done it ▪ to do with somebody ▪ ↑what do you do for something? ▪ ↑what is somebody doing …?
Derived: ↑do away with somebody ▪ ↑do away with something ▪ ↑do for somebody ▪ ↑do somebody down ▪ ↑do somebody in ▪ ↑do somebody out of something ▪ ↑do somebody over ▪ ↑do something in ▪ ↑do something over ▪ ↑do something up ▪ ↑do something with somebody ▪ ↑do up ▪ ↑do without ▪ ↑do yourself up

auxiliary verb (doesBrE [dʌz] ; NAmE [dʌz] didBrE [dɪd] ; NAmE [dɪd] doneBrE [dʌn] ; NAmE [dʌn] )
1. used before a full verb to form negative sentences and questions
• I don't like fish.
• They didn't go to Paris.
•Don't forget to write.
•Does she speak French?
2. used to make ↑question tags (= short questions at the end of statements)
• You live in New York, don't you?
• She doesn't work here, does she?
3. used to avoid repeating a full verb
• He plays better than he did a year ago.
• She works harder than he does.
•‘Who won?’ ‘I did.’
•‘I love peaches.’ ‘ So do I.’
•‘I don't want to go back.’ ‘ Neither do I.’
4. used when no other auxiliary verb is present, to emphasize what you are saying
• He does look tired.
• She did at least write to say thank you.
• (BrE)Do shut up!
5. used to change the order of the subject and verb when an adverb is moved to the front
•Not only does she speak Spanish, she's also good with computers.

Word Origin:
1 Old English dōn, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch doen and German tun, from an Indo-European root shared by Greek tithēmi ‘I place’ and Latin facere ‘make, do’.

noun BrE [duː] ; NAmE [duː] (pl. dosor do'sBrE [duːz] ; NAmE [duːz] )(BrE, informal)
a party; a social event
• Are you having a big do for your birthday?
more at fair dos/do's at ↑fair _adj.

Example Bank:
•I suppose we should have a bit of a do to celebrate.
•They're having some special do in London.

See also: ↑do's and don'ts

▪ II. do 2 [do] BrE [dəʊ] NAmE [doʊ] noun
= ↑doh
see also ↑do ¹