Tra từ shock - Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

shock [shock shocks shocked shocking] noun, verb BrE [ʃɒk] NAmE [ʃɑːk]
noun

SURPRISE
1. countable, usually singular, uncountable a strong feeling of surprise as a result of sth happening, especially sth unpleasant; the event that causes this feeling
• The news of my promotion came as a shock.
• He's still in a state of shock.
•I got a terrible shock the other day.
•She still hadn't got over the shock of seeing him again.
• (informal)If you think the job will be easy, you're in for a shock.
•Losing in the first round was a shock to the system (= it was a more of a shock because it was not expected).
•The team suffered a shock defeat in the first round.
•When I added up the cost it gave me quite a shock.
see also ↑culture shock

MEDICAL
2. uncountable a serious medical condition, usually the result of injury in which a person has lost a lot of blood and they are extremely weak
• She was taken to hospital suffering from shock.
•He isn't seriously injured but he is in (a state of) shock.
see also ↑shell shock, ↑toxic shock syndrome

VIOLENT SHAKING
3. countable, uncountable a violent shaking movement that is caused by an explosion, ↑earthquake, etc
• The shock of the explosion could be felt up to six miles away.
• The bumper absorbs shock on impact.

FROM ELECTRICITY
4. countable = ↑electric shock
• Don't touch that wire or you'll get a shock.

OF HAIR
5. a thick mass of hair on a person's head
• She's a large plump woman with a shock of red hair.

Word Origin:
n. senses 1 to 4 and v. mid 16th cent. French choc choquer ‘throw (troops) into confusion by charging at them’ ‘an encounter between charging forces’ ‘sudden violent blow or impact’ n. sense 5 mid 17th cent. shough ‘unkempt, shaggy’

Thesaurus:
shock noun
1. U
•The team were in shock after their first round defeat.
dismay • • horror •
shock/dismay/horror at sth
in/with shock/dismay/horror
2. C
•The news of his death came as a shock to us all.
scare • • fright •
get/have/give sb a shock/scare/fright
3. C, U
•The shock of the explosion was felt six miles away.
impact • • force •
the shock/force of the impact/explosion
feel the shock/impact/force of sth
absorb the shock/impact of sth

Example Bank:
•Drivers could be in for a nasty shock when they see the cost of renewing their insurance policies.
•He gave himself a mild electric shock while changing a light bulb.
•He had gone into shock and was shaking violently.
•He was in deep shock after the accident.
•I got a terrible shock when I saw him.
•I got the shock of my life when she told me she was pregnant.
•I nearly died of shock when your mother appeared.
•I think I'm still in a state of shock.
•If you think it's going to be easy you're in for a shock!
•Imagine my shock when I saw them kissing!
•It was a bit of a culture shock when I first came to this country.
•Once the initial shock had worn off, I got to like my new hairstyle.
•She felt shock that he would be capable of such an act.
•She looked around in shock.
•She realized with a sudden shock that she was being followed.
•The article reports on a celebrity who— shock horror— has gained weight!
•The guards would administer electric shocks to the inmates.
•The low salaries came as something of a shock to her system.
•The news sent shock waves through the financial markets.
•The scene was clearly added for shock value.
•This news came as a great shock to me.
•United suffered a shock defeat to Norwich.
•her shock on seeing him with another woman
•soldiers suffering from shell shock
•He's still in shock.
•It was a shock to see her looking so pale.
•Losing in the first round was a shock to the system.
•Since winning the competition, we've all been a state of shock.
•The news of his death came as a shock to us all.
Idiom: ↑shock horror
Derived Word: ↑shocked

verb

SURPRISE AND UPSET
1. transitive to surprise and upset sb
•~ sb It shocks you when something like that happens.
• We were all shocked at the news of his death.
•~ sb that… Neighbours were shocked that such an attack could happen in their area.
•~ sb to do sth I was shocked to hear that he had resigned.

OFFEND/DISGUST
2. intransitive, transitive (of bad language, immoral behaviour, etc.)to make sb feel offended or disgusted
• These movies deliberately set out to shock.
•~ sb (to do sth) She enjoys shocking people by saying outrageous things.
Verb forms:

Word Origin:
n. senses 1 to 4 and v. mid 16th cent. French choc choquer ‘throw (troops) into confusion by charging at them’ ‘an encounter between charging forces’ ‘sudden violent blow or impact’ n. sense 5 mid 17th cent. shough ‘unkempt, shaggy’

Thesaurus:
shock verb
1. T, often passive (not used in the progressive tenses)
•We were all shocked at the news of Michael's death.
horrify • • scandalize • • dismay • • repel • |BrE sicken • • appal • |AmE appall • |informal rock •
shocked/horrified/scandalized/dismayed/appalled at sb/sth
shock/horrify/scandalize/appal sb that…
shock/horrify/scandalize/dismay/sicken/appal sb to think/see/hear/find/learn…
2. I, T
•The film deliberately sets out to shock.
offend • • disgust • • insult • • abuse •
feel shocked/offended/disgusted/insulted
deeply shocked/offended/insulted

Synonyms:
shock
appal • horrify • disgust • sicken • repel
These words all mean to surprise and upset sb very much.
shock • [often passive] to surprise sb, usually in a way that upsets them: ▪ We were all shocked at the news of his death.
appal/appall • to shock and upset sb very much: ▪ The brutality of the crime has appalled the public.
horrify • to make sb feel extremely shocked, upset or frightened: ▪ The whole country was horrified by the killings.
disgust • to make sb feel shocked and almost ill because sth is so unpleasant: ▪ The level of violence in the movie really disgusted me.
sicken • (BrE) to make sb feel very shocked, angry and almost ill because sth is so unpleasant: ▪ The public is becoming sickened by these images of violence and death.
repel • [often passive] (rather formal) to make sb feel rather disgusted: ▪ I was repelled by the smell of drink on his breath.
shocked/appalled/horrified/disgusted at sb/sth
to shock/appal/horrify/disgust sb that…
to shock/appal/horrify/disgust/sicken sb to think/see/hear…
sb's behaviour shocks/appals sb
violence/an idea shocks/appals/horrifies/disgusts sb

Example Bank:
•He had old-fashioned ideas and was easily shocked.
•The news had shocked her deeply.
•The news shocked her into action.
•I was shocked to hear that he had resigned.
•Neighbours were shocked that such an attack could happen in their area.