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Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th
last
▪ I. last 1 [last lasts lasted lasting] determiner, adverb, noun, verb BrE [lɑːst] NAmE [læst]
see also ↑last 2
determiner
1. happening or coming after all other similar things or people
• We caught the last bus home.
• It's the last house on the left.
•She was last to arrive.
2. only before noun most recent
•last night/Tuesday/month/summer/year
•her last book
• This last point is crucial.
• The last time I saw him was in May.
3. only before noun only remaining
Syn: ↑final
• This is our last bottle of water.
• He knew this was his last hope of winning.
•I wouldn't marry you if you were the last person on earth!
4. used to emphasize that sb/sth is the least likely or suitable
•The last thing she needed was more work.
•He's the last person I'd trust with a secret.
more at in the final/last analysis at ↑analysis, his/her last/dying breath at ↑breath, famous last words at ↑famous, at long last at ↑long adj., to the last man at ↑man n., the last/final straw at ↑straw, first/last thing at ↑thing, a week yesterday, last Monday, etc. at ↑week, the last/final word at ↑word n.
Word Origin:
det. and adv. n. Old English latost ‘after all others in a series’ Germanic Dutch laatst lest German letzt ↑late v. Old English lǣstan Germanic German leisten ‘afford, yield’ ↑last 2
Thesaurus:
last det., adj.
1.
•The last bus leaves at midnight.
final • • closing • • later • • latter • • ultimate •
Opp: first
last/final/closing/later/latter/ultimate stage/phase
sb's/sth's last/final/closing/later/latter years
the last/final/closing remark/chapter/minutes
2.
•We went to Greece last year.
past • • previous • |formal preceding •
Opp: first, Opp: next
the last/past/previous/preceding few days/week/month/year/century
the last/previous page/chapter/time/visit/meeting/war
Last or past? You can only use past about a period of time that has just gone by; it must be used with the or a determiner such as this:
•The past week has been very busy.
• Last week was very busy.
Past is not used about particular dates, or about things:
•The critics hated her last book.
✗ The critics hated her past book.
Example Bank:
•Last summer we went to Greece for a month.
•Shirley had a talk with her last Friday.
•The critics all hated her last book.
•This last point, that Hamish has mentioned, is crucial.
•Her last words were for her children.
•I wouldn't marry you if you were the last person on earth!
•It took my last reserves of strength and will to swim to the lifeboat.
•It's the last house on the left.
•She was hanging on to the last remaining shreds of her reputation.
•The museum is one of the last remnants of the 17th-century palace.
•The teacher gave her one last chance to prove she could behave.
•This is our last bottle of wine.
•This is the last call for passengers on Lufthansa flight 420 to Frankfurt.
Idioms: ↑at last ▪ day/week/month before last ▪ ↑every last … ▪ ↑have the last laugh ▪ ↑in the last resort ▪ ↑last I heard ▪ ↑last but not least ▪ ↑last in, first out ▪ ↑last minute ▪ last resort ▪ ↑last word ▪ ↑next to last ▪ ↑on its last legs ▪ ↑see the last of somebody ▪ the last ▪ ↑your last gasp
adverb
1. after anyone or anything else; at the end
• He came last in the race.
• They arrived last of all.
2. most recently
• When did you see him last?
•I saw him last/I last saw him in New York two years ago.
• They last won the cup in 2006.
more at first and last at ↑first adv., he who laughs last laughs longest at ↑laugh v.
Word Origin:
det. and adv. n. Old English latost ‘after all others in a series’ Germanic Dutch laatst lest German letzt ↑late v. Old English lǣstan Germanic German leisten ‘afford, yield’ ↑last 2
noun the last(pl. the last)
1. the person or thing that comes or happens after all other similar people or things
• Sorry I'm late— am I the last?
• They were the last to arrive.
2. ~ of sth the only remaining part or items of sth
• These are the last of our apples.
more at breathe your last at ↑breathe, from first to last at ↑first n.
Word Origin:
det. and adv. n. Old English latost ‘after all others in a series’ Germanic Dutch laatst lest German letzt ↑late v. Old English lǣstan Germanic German leisten ‘afford, yield’ ↑last 2
Which Word?:
lastly / at last
Lastly is used to introduce the last in a list of things or the final point you are making: ▪ Lastly, I would like to thank my parents for all their support.
At last is used when something happens after a long time, especially when there has been some difficulty or delay: ▪ At last, after twenty hours on the boat, they arrived at their destination. You can also use finally, eventually or in the end with this meaning, but not lastly.
Example Bank:
•We finished the last of the milk at breakfast.
verb
1. intransitive (not used in the progressive tenses)to continue for a particular period of time
•The meeting only lasted (for) a few minutes.
• Each game lasts about an hour.
• How long does the play last?
2. intransitive, transitive to continue to exist or to function well
• This weather won't last.
• He's making a big effort now, and I hope it lasts.
•~ sb These shoes should last you till next year.
3. intransitive, transitive to survive sth or manage to stay in the same situation, despite difficulties
• She won't last long in that job.
•~ (out) Can you last (out) until I can get help?
•~ (out) sth Doctors say that she probably won't last out the night (= she will probably die before the morning).
•He was injured early on and didn't last the match.
4. intransitive, transitive to be enough for sb to use, especially for a particular period of time
•~ (out) Will the coffee last out till next week?
•~ sb (out) We've got enough food to last us (for) three days.
Verb forms: 
Thesaurus:
last verb I (not used in the progressive tenses)
•Each game lasts about an hour.
take • |especially written continue • |especially spoken go on • • keep on • |especially BrE, especially spoken carry on • |disapproving drag on •
last/continue/go on/keep on/carry on/drag on for hours/a week/two years, etc.
last/continue/go on/keep on/carry on/drag on until morning/next year, etc.
last/take a few minutes/an hour/all day/years, etc.
Which Word?:
last / take
Last and take are both used to talk about the length of time that something continues.
Last is used to talk about the length of time that an event continues: ▪ How long do you think this storm will last? ◇ ▪ The movie lasted over two hours. Last does not always need an expression of time: ▪ His annoyance won’t last. Last is also used to say that you have enough of something: ▪ We don’t have enough money to last until next month.
Take is used to talk about the amount of time you need in order to go somewhere or do something. It must be used with an expression of time: ▪ It takes (me) at least an hour to get home from work. ◇ ▪ How long will the flight take? ◇ ▪ The water took ages to boil.
Example Bank:
•Even when cut, the flowers last very well.
•Happiness never lasts.
•I always thought his popularity was unlikely to last.
•Interest rates are at their lowest level for a decade. I suggest you enjoy it while it lasts.
•Make the most of this feeling while it lasts.
•Nothing lasts forever.
•She hoped they had enough firewood to last through the night.
•The celebrations lasted well into the next week.
•The effort began in November and lasted through February.
•The flight seemed to last forever.
•The good weather couldn't last.
•The kids are all very enthusiastic, but it won't last— it never does.
•The storm could last quite a long time.
•The trial is expected to last until the end of the week.
•The war lasted for three years.
•This house was built to last.
•This type of happiness rarely lasts.
•With care, the vines will last indefinitely.
•Your car will last longer if you look after it.
•a bruise that was sure to last for days
•Each game lasts (for) about an hour.
•He's making a big effort now, and I hope it lasts.
•The meeting only lasted a few minutes.
•This weather won't last.
See also: ↑last but one
▪ II. last 2 [last lasts lasted lasting] BrE [lɑːst] NAmE [læst] noun
a block of wood or metal shaped like a foot, used in making and repairing shoes
see also ↑last 1
Word Origin:
Old English lǣste Germanic ‘follow’ Dutch leest German Leisten
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