Tra từ hurt - Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

hurt [hurt hurts hurting] verb, adjective, noun BrE [hɜːt] NAmE [hɜːrt]
verb (hurt, hurt)
1. transitive, intransitive ~ (sb/sth/yourself) to cause physical pain to sb/yourself; to injure sb/yourself
• He hurt his back playing squash.
• Did you hurt yourself?
•Stop it. You're hurting me.
•My back is really hurting me today.
•Strong light hurts my eyes.
•My shoes hurt— they're too tight.
2. intransitive to feel painful
• My feet hurt.
• Ouch! That hurt!
•It hurts when I bend my knee.
3. intransitive, transitive to make sb unhappy or upset
• What really hurt was that he never answered my letter.
•~ sb/sth I'm sorry, I didn't mean to hurt you.
•I didn't want to hurt his feelings.
•it hurts (sb) to do sth It hurt me to think that he would lie to me.
4. intransitive be hurting (informal)to feel unhappy or upset
•I know you're hurting and I want to help you.
5. transitive ~ sb/sth to have a bad effect on sb/sth
• Many people on low incomes will be hurt by the government's plans.
• Hard work never hurt anyone.
6. intransitive be hurting (for sth) (NAmE)to be in a difficult situation because you need sth, especially money
•His campaign is already hurting for money.
more at not harm/hurt a fly at ↑fly _n., hit sb where it hurts at ↑hit _v.
Verb forms:

Word Origin:
Middle English (originally in the senses ‘ to strike’ and ‘a blow’): from Old French hurter (verb), hurt (noun), perhaps ultimately of Germanic origin.

Thesaurus:
hurt verb
1. T, I
•He hurt his back playing squash.
injure • • wound • • bruise • • sprain • • strain • • pull • • tear • • twist •
hurt/injure/strain yourself
hurt/injure/sprain/strain/pull/tear a muscle
hurt/injure/sprain/twist your ankle/foot/knee
hurt/injure/strain your back/shoulder/eyes
Hurt or injure? You can hurt or injure a part of the body in an accident. Hurt emphasizes the physical pain caused; injure emphasizes that the part of the body has been damaged in some way.
2. I
•My feet hurt.
ache • • sting • • throb • • burn • • itch •
your eyes hurt/ache/sting/burn/itch
your skin hurts/stings/burns/itches
your head hurts/aches/throbs
your stomach/tummy hurts/aches
3. T, I
•It hurt me to think that he would lie to me.
upset • • distress • • break sb's heart • |formal sadden • • pain • |written sting • |literary wound •
It hurt/upset/distressed/saddened/pained me to see/think/know…
It breaks my heart to see/think/know…
hurt/wound sb's feelings
not want/not mean to hurt/upset/distress/wound sb
Hurt or upset? Hurt is used especially to talk about sb you like or trust doing sth to make you unhappy. Being upset can be sth that sb does partly willingly:
•Don't upset yourself about it.
✗ Don't hurt yourself about it.:
•Try not to let him upset you.
✗ Try not to let him hurt you.
4. T
•Hard work never hurt anyone.
harm • • damage • • compromise • |formal impair •
hurt/harm/damage/compromise/impair sb's chances
hurt/harm/damage/compromise sb's reputation
hurt/harm/damage sb's interests/image
Hurt, damage, or harm? Hurt is less formal than damage or harm. Harm is often used to talk about the ways in which things such as animals, wildlife and the environment are affected by human activity.

Collocations:
Injuries
Being injured
have a fall/an injury
receive/suffer/sustain a serious injury/a hairline fracture/(especially BrE) whiplash/a gunshot wound
hurt/injure your ankle/back/leg
damage the brain/an ankle ligament/your liver/the optic nerve/the skin
pull/strain/tear a hamstring/ligament/muscle/tendon
sprain/twist your ankle/wrist
break a bone/your collarbone/your leg/three ribs
fracture/crack your skull
break/chip/knock out/lose a tooth
burst/perforate your eardrum
dislocate your finger/hip/jaw/shoulder
bruise/cut/graze your arm/knee/shoulder
burn/scald yourself/your tongue
bang/bump/hit/ (informal) bash your elbow/head/knee (on/against sth)
Treating injuries
treat sb for burns/a head injury/a stab wound
examine/clean/dress/bandage/treat a bullet wound
repair a damaged/torn ligament/tendon/cartilage
amputate/cut off an arm/a finger/a foot/a leg/a limb
put on/ (formal) apply/take off (especially NAmE) a Band-Aid™/(BrE) a plaster/a bandage
need/require/put in/ (especially BrE) have (out)/ (NAmE) get (out) stitches
put on/rub on/ (formal) apply cream/ointment/lotion
have/receive/undergo (BrE) physiotherapy/(NAmE) physical therapy

Synonyms:
damage
hurt • harm • impair
These words all mean to have a bad effect on sb/sth.
damage • to cause physical harm to sth, making it less attractive, useful or valuable; to have a bad effect on sb/sth's life, health, happiness or chances of success: ▪ The fire badly damaged the town hall. ◇ ▪ emotionally damaged children
hurt • (rather informal) to have a bad effect on sb/sth's life, health, happiness or chances of success: ▪ Hard work never hurt anyone.
harm • to have a bad effect on sb/sth's life, health, happiness or chances of success: ▪ Pollution can harm marine life.
damage, hurt or harm?
Hurt is slightly less formal than damage or harm, especially when it is used in negative statements: ▪ It won't hurt him to have to wait a bit. ◇ It won't damage/harm him to have to wait a bit. Harm is also often used to talk about ways in which things in the natural world such as wildlife and the environment are affected by human activity.
impair • (rather formal) to damage sb's health, abilities or chances: ▪ Even one drink can impair driving performance.
to damage/hurt/harm/impair sb's chances
to damage/hurt/harm sb's interests/reputation
to damage/harm/impair sb's health
to seriously/greatly damage/hurt/harm/impair sb/sth
to badly/severely damage/hurt/impair sb/sth

Synonyms:
hurt
ache • burn • sting • tingle • itch • throb
These are all words that can be used when part of your body feels painful.
hurt • (of part of your body) to feel painful; (of an action) to cause pain: ▪ My feet hurt. ◇ ▪ Ouch! That hurt!
ache • to feel a continuous dull pain: ▪ I'm aching all over.
burn • (of part of your body) to feel very hot and painful: ▪ Our eyes were burning from the chemicals in the air.
sting • to make sb feel a sharp burning pain or uncomfortable feeling in part of their body; (of part of your body) to feel this pain: ▪ My eyes were stinging from the smoke.
tingle • (of part of your body) to feel as if a lot of small sharp points are pushing into the skin there: ▪ The cold air made her face tingle.
itch • to have an uncomfortable feeling on your skin that makes you want to scratch; to make your skin feel like this: ▪ I itch all over. ◇ ▪ Does the rash itch?
throb • (of part of your body) to feel pain as a series of regular beats: ▪ His head throbbed painfully.
your eyes hurt/ache/burn/sting/itch
your skin hurts/burns/stings/tingles/itches
your flesh hurts/burns/stings/tingles
your head hurts/aches/throbs
your stomach hurts/aches
to really hurt/ache/burn/sting/tingle/itch/throb
to hurt/ache/sting/itch badly/a lot
It hurts/stings/tingles/itches.

Synonyms:
injure
wound • hurt • bruise • sprain • pull • strain
These words all mean to harm yourself or sb else physically, especially in an accident.
injure • to harm yourself or sb else physically, especially in an accident: ▪ He injured his knee playing hockey. ◇ ▪ Three people were injured in the crash.
wound • [often passive] (rather formal) to injure part of the body, especially by making a hole in the skin using a weapon: ▪ 50 people were seriously wounded in the attack.
Wound is often used to talk about people being hurt in war or in other attacks which affect a lot of people.
hurt • to cause physical pain to sb/yourself; to injure sb/yourself: ▪ Did you hurt yourself?
injure or hurt?
You can hurt or injure a part of the body in an accident. Hurt emphasizes the physical pain caused; injure emphasizes that the part of the body has been damaged in some way.
bruise • to make a blue, brown or purple mark (= a bruise) appear on the skin after sb has fallen or been hit; to develop a bruise
sprain • to injure part of your body, especially your ankle, wrist or knee, by suddenly bending it in an awkward way, causing pain and swelling
pull • to damage a muscle, etc, by using too much force
strain • to injure yourself or part of your body by making it work too hard: ▪ Don't strain your eyes by reading in poor light.
to injure/hurt/strain yourself
to injure/hurt/sprain/pull/strain a muscle
to injure/hurt/sprain your ankle/foot/knee/wrist/hand
to injure/hurt/strain your back/shoulder/eyes
to injure/hurt your spine/neck
to be badly/severely/slightly injured/wounded/hurt/bruised/sprained

Example Bank:
•Are you deliberately trying to hurt me?
•Does it hurt a lot?
•Her remarks hurt him deeply.
•I knew it was going to hurt— but not that much!
•I never meant to hurt anyone.
•I was shaken, but not actually hurt.
•My ankle still hurts quite badly.
•No one was seriously hurt in the accident.
•Ouch! It really hurts.
•She fell and hurt her leg quite badly.
•They never told me why and that really hurt.
•Why would I want to hurt her?
•High interest rates are hurting the local economy.
•I didn't want to hurt his feelings.
•I'm sorry, I didn't mean to hurt you.
•It hurts when I bend my knee.
•Many people on low incomes will be hurt by the government's plans.
•My shoes hurt— they're too tight.
•Stop it. You're hurting me.
Idiom: ↑it won't hurt

adjective
1. injured physically
• None of the passengers were badly hurt.
Opp: ↑unhurt
2. upset and offended by sth that sb has said or done
•a hurt look/expression
• She was deeply hurt that she had not been invited.
• Martha's hurt pride showed in her eyes.

Word Origin:
Middle English (originally in the senses ‘ to strike’ and ‘a blow’): from Old French hurter (verb), hurt (noun), perhaps ultimately of Germanic origin.

Thesaurus:
hurt adj.
1. not usually before noun
•None of the passengers was badly hurt.
injured • • wounded • • bruised • • bad •
Opp: unhurt
a/an injured/wounded/bruised/bad arm/leg/shoulder/knee
an injured/a wounded man/woman/person
badly/slightly hurt/injured/wounded/bruised
2.
•She was deeply hurt by his remarks.
upset • • distressed • • devastated • • dismayed •
hurt/upset/distressed/devastated/dismayed by sth
hurt/upset/distressed/devastated/dismayed that…
feel/look hurt/upset/distressed/devastated/dismayed

Example Bank:
•Steve didn't look seriously hurt.
•Stop that or you'll get hurt!
•Martha's hurt pride showed in her eyes.
•None of the passengers was badly hurt.
•a hurt look/expression

noun uncountable, singular (rather informal)
a feeling of unhappiness because sb has been unkind or unfair to you
• There was hurt and real anger in her voice.
• It was a hurt that would take a long time to heal.

Word Origin:
Middle English (originally in the senses ‘ to strike’ and ‘a blow’): from Old French hurter (verb), hurt (noun), perhaps ultimately of Germanic origin.

Example Bank:
•He knew that he had caused his boyfriend a lot of hurt.
•I could see the hurt in her eyes.
•She knew that she had caused her husband a lot of hurt.
•the deep hurt that he felt when Jane left him