Tra từ bug - Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

bug [bug bugs bugged bugging] noun, verb BrE [bʌɡ] NAmE [bʌɡ]
noun
1. countable (especially NAmE)any small insect
2. countable (informal)an infectious illness that is usually fairly mild
•a flu bug
•There's a stomach bug going round (= people are catching it from each other).
•I picked up a bug in the office.
3. (usually the… bug)singular (informal)an enthusiastic interest in sth such as a sport or a hobby
•the travel bug
•She was never interested in fitness before but now she's been bitten by the bug.
4. countable (informal)a small hidden device for listening to other people's conversations
•They planted a bug in his hotel room.
5. countable a fault in a machine, especially in a computer system or program
6. countable (NAmE) = Beetle

Word Origin:
early 17th cent.: of unknown origin. Current verb senses date from the early 20th cent.

Collocations:
Illnesses
Becoming ill
catch a cold/an infectious disease/the flu/(BrE) flu/pneumonia/a virus/(informal) a bug
get (BrE) ill/(NAmE) sick/a disease/AIDS/breast cancer/a cold/the flu/(BrE) flu/a migraine
come down with a cold/the flu/(BrE) flu
contract a deadly disease/a serious illness/HIV/AIDS
be infected with a virus/a parasite/HIV
develop cancer/diabetes/a rash/an ulcer/symptoms of hepatitis
have a heart attack/a stroke
provoke/trigger/produce an allergic reaction
block/burst/rupture a blood vessel
damage/sever a nerve/an artery/a tendon
Being ill
feel (BrE) ill/sick/nauseous/queasy
be running (BrE) a temperature/(NAmE) a fever
have a head cold/diabetes/heart disease/lung cancer/a headache/(BrE) a high temperature/(NAmE) a fever
suffer from asthma/malnutrition/frequent headaches/bouts of depression/a mental disorder
be laid up with/ (BrE) be in bed with a cold/the flu/(BrE) flu/a migraine
nurse a cold/a headache/a hangover
battle/fight cancer/depression/addiction/alcoholism
Treatments
examine a patient
diagnose a condition/disease/disorder
be diagnosed with cancer/diabetes/schizophrenia
prescribe/be given/be on/take drugs/medicine/medication/pills/painkillers/antibiotics
treat sb for cancer/depression/shock
have/undergo an examination/an operation/surgery/a kidney transplant/therapy/chemotherapy/treatment for cancer
have/be given an injection/(BrE) a flu jab/(NAmE) a flu shot/a blood transfusion/a scan/an X-ray
cure a disease/an ailment/cancer/a headache/a patient
prevent the spread of disease/further outbreaks/damage to the lungs
be vaccinated against the flu/(BrE) flu/the measles/(BrE) measles/polio/smallpox
enhance/boost/confer/build immunity to a disease

Synonyms:
disease
illness • disorder • infection • condition • ailment • bug
These are all words for a medical problem.
disease • a medical problem affecting humans, animals or plants, often caused by infection: ▪ He suffers from a rare blood disease.
illness • a medical problem, or a period of suffering from one: ▪ She died after a long illness.
disease or illness?
Disease is used to talk about more severe physical medical problems, especially those that affect the organs. Illness is used to talk about both more severe and more minor medical problems, and those that affect mental health: heart/kidney/liver illness ◇ mental disease. Disease is not used about a period of illness: she died after a long disease
disorder • (rather formal) an illness that causes a part of the body to stop functioning correctly: ▪ a rare disorder of the liver.
A disorder is generally not infectious. Disorder is used most frequently with words relating to mental problems, for example psychiatric, personality, mental and eating. When it is used to talk about physical problems, it is most often used with blood, bowel and kidney, and these are commonly serious, severe or rare.
infection • an illness that is caused by bacteria or a virus and that affects one part of the body: ▪ a throat infection
condition • a medical problem that you have for a long time because it is not possible to cure it: ▪ a heart condition
ailment • (rather formal) an illness that is not very serious: ▪ childhood ailments
bug • (informal) an infectious illness that is usually fairly mild: ▪ a nasty flu bug
to have/suffer from a(n) disease/illness/disorder/infection/condition/ailment/bug
to catch/contract/get/pick up a(n) disease/illness/infection/bug

Example Bank:
•A stomach bug has been going round at school.
•He's off work with a flu bug.
•I planted a bug to record their conversation.
•She's been bitten by the travel bug.
•a bug in the software
•My computer's really slow at the moment— it must be some kind of bug.
•The latest software is full of bugs.
•This is a particularly nasty flu bug.
Idiom: ↑bug the hell out of somebody
Derived: ↑bug off! ▪ ↑bug out

verb (-gg-)
1. ~ sth to put a special device (= a ↑bug ) somewhere in order to listen secretly to other people's conversations
•They bugged her hotel room.
•They were bugging his telephone conversations.
•a bugging device
2. ~ sb (informal)to annoy or irritate sb
•Stop bugging me!
•It's something that's been bugging me a lot recently.
•She's really beginning to bug me.
Verb forms:

Word Origin:
early 17th cent.: of unknown origin. Current verb senses date from the early 20th cent.

Example Bank:
•A mobile phone can be used as a bugging device even when it is switched off.
•She's really beginning to bug me.
•This has been bugging me a lot recently.
•What's the matter? Is there something bugging you?