Tra từ spring - Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

spring [spring springs sprang springing sprung] noun, verb BrE [sprɪŋ] NAmE [sprɪŋ]
noun

SEASON
1. uncountable, countable the season between winter and summer when plants begin to grow
•flowers that bloom in spring/in the spring
• He was born in the spring of 1944.
• There's a feeling of spring in the air today.
•spring flowers

TWISTED WIRE
2. countable a twisted piece of metal that can be pushed, pressed or pulled but which always returns to its original shape or position afterwards
•bed springs
• The springs in the sofa have gone (= they no longer return to their original position).
• She's full of energy, like a coiled spring.
3. uncountable the ability of a spring to return to its original position
•The mattress has lost its spring.

WATER
4. countable a place where water comes naturally to the surface from under the ground
•a mountain spring
•spring water

CHEERFUL QUALITY
5. uncountable, singular a cheerful, lively quality
•She walked along with a spring in her step.

SUDDEN JUMP
6. countable a quick sudden jump upwards or forwards
•With a spring, the cat leapt on to the table.
see full of the joys of spring at ↑joy

Word Origin:
Old English spring (noun), springan (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch and German springen. Early use in the senses ‘head of a well’ and ‘rush out in a stream’ gave rise to the figurative use ‘originate’.

Example Bank:
•I want to do some spring-cleaning.
•Most of the springs have gone in the old sofa.
•The children broke some springs jumping on the bed.
•The highest spring tides of the the year occur after the equinoxes in March and September.
•The students spend the whole spring term on teaching practice.
•They decided to give the attic a spring clean.
•a box-spring mattress
•a delicious recipe for spring lamb
•a perfect spring day
•deliciously cool spring water
•high-school kids on spring break
•the party's spring conference
•to plant spring bulbs
•With a spring, the cat leapt onto the table.
Idioms: ↑spring a leak ▪ ↑spring a trap ▪ ↑spring into action ▪ ↑spring to life
Derived: ↑spring for something ▪ ↑spring from something ▪ ↑spring from … ▪ ↑spring up

verb (sprangBrE [spræŋ] ; NAmE [spræŋ] sprungBrE [sprʌŋ] ; NAmE [sprʌŋ] )(NAmE also sprung, sprung)

JUMP/MOVE SUDDENLY
1. intransitive (+ adv./prep.) (of a person or an animal)to move suddenly and with one quick movement in a particular direction
Syn: ↑leap
• He turned off the alarm and sprang out of bed.
• Everyone sprang to their feet (= stood up suddenly) when the principal walked in.
•The cat crouched ready to spring.
•The attacker sprang out at her from a doorway.
• (figurative)to spring to sb's defence/assistance (= to quickly defend or help sb)
2. intransitive (of an object)to move suddenly and violently
•+ adv./prep. The branch sprang back and hit him in the face.
•+ adj. She turned the key and the lid sprang open.

SURPRISE
3. transitive to do sth, ask sth or say sth that sb is not expecting
•~ sth She sprang a surprise by winning the tournament.
•~ sth on sb I'm sorry to spring it on you, but I've been offered another job.

APPEAR SUDDENLY
4. intransitive + adv./prep. to appear or come somewhere suddenly
•Tears sprang to her eyes.
•He tried to bite back the words that sprang to his lips.

FREE PRISONER
5. transitive ~ sb (informal)to help a prisoner to escape
•Plans to spring the hostages have failed.
more at hope springs eternal at ↑hope _n., come/spring to mind at ↑mind _n.
Verb forms:

Word Origin:
Old English spring (noun), springan (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch and German springen. Early use in the senses ‘head of a well’ and ‘rush out in a stream’ gave rise to the figurative use ‘originate’.

Thesaurus:
spring verb I (usually used with an adverb or preposition)
•The cat crouched ready to spring.
jump • • leap • |informal hop •
spring/jump/leap/hop up/down/out
spring/jump/leap/hop out of bed
spring/jump/leap to your feet/into action/into the air
Which word? Jump is used most often for quick body movements (jump up/to your feet). Leap is used most for longer distances and more figurative actions (leap into action/to sb's defence). Spring is used especially about animals. Hop is usually used for getting into or out of vehicles.

Example Bank:
•He sprang back in alarm.
•He sprang out of the car.
•He worked a knife blade into the drawer and it sprang open.
•Lisa sprang at him and kissed him on both cheeks.
•She sprang to her feet and ran to answer the doorbell.
•The drawer sprang open.
•The lion crouched, ready to spring.
•The sentry sprang to attention.
•One of the young police officers sprang to her assistance.
•The attacker sprang out at him from a doorway.