Tra từ estimate - Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

es·ti·mate AW [estimate estimates estimated estimating] noun, verb
noun BrE [ˈestɪmət] ; NAmE [ˈestɪmət]
1. a judgement that you make without having the exact details or figures about the size, amount, cost, etc. of sth
• I can give you a rough estimate of the amount of wood you will need.
•a ballpark estimate (= an approximate estimate)
•official government estimates of traffic growth over the next decade
• At least 5 000 people were killed, and that's a conservative estimate (= the real figure will be higher).
2. a statement of how much a piece of work will probably cost
• We got estimates from three firms and accepted the lowest.

Word Origin:
late Middle English: from Latin aestimat- ‘determined, appraised’, from the verb aestimare. The noun originally meant ‘intellectual ability, comprehension’ (only in late Middle English), later ‘valuing, a valuation’ (compare with ↑estimation). The verb originally meant ‘to think well or badly of someone or something’ (late 15th cent.), later ‘regard as being, consider to be’ (compare with ↑esteem).

Thesaurus:
estimate noun
1. C
•He gave me a rough estimate of the amount.
guess • • count • • calculation • • tally • • reckoning •
a rough estimate/guess/count/calculation
a/an accurate/precise/quick/approximate estimate/count/calculation
make a/an estimate/guess/calculation
By my/his, etc. estimate/calculations/reckoning…
2. C
•We got estimates for the work from three different builders.
valuation • |BrE costing • |formal quotation • |informal, especially spoken quote •
a/an estimate/quotation/quote for a piece of work
a high/low estimate/valuation/quotation/quote
give/provide/get/obtain/accept a/an estimate/valuation/quotation/quote
Estimate or costing? An estimate usually gives the total likely cost for a single piece of work. A costing or costings is/are a detailed list of all the likely costs of a service or product.

Example Bank:
•According to the highest estimate, over 100 000 men died in the battle.
•According to the revised estimate, four million people will be without homes.
•By one estimate she earns $80 million a year.
•Can you make an estimate of the numbers involved?
•Casualty estimates vary considerably.
•Cost estimates vary from $50 000 to $200 000.
•Current estimates suggest that supplies will run out within six months.
•Even at a conservative estimate, there is a lot of work to be done.
•Flight times in the brochure are based on our best estimate, and will be confirmed as soon as possible.
•How can one obtain the revised estimates?
•I think 15 000 will turn out to be a very low estimate.
•In his first estimate, he suggested a figure of £5 000.
•Inaccurate estimates can lead to overproduction.
•Inflation could rise by 15% according to the latest estimate.
•It appears that the total will exceed the estimate.
•One estimate suggests that 30 000 jobs may be lost.
•Some estimates put the figure as high as 50%.
•The manufacturers will not make precise estimates.
•The slump is causing analysts to revise earnings estimates for next year.
•Three companies submitted estimates for the work.
•We compared estimates for various materials.
•We will send you an estimate for the repairs.
•an estimate of £300
•an overall estimate of test performance
•annual estimates of total cost
•annual population estimates for small geographic areas
•At least 5 000 people were killed, and that's a conservative estimate.
•These are the official government estimates of traffic growth over the next decade.
•We got estimates for the repair work from three firms and accepted the lowest.
•a ballpark estimate

verb BrE [ˈestɪmeɪt] ; NAmE [ˈestɪmeɪt] often passive
to form an idea of the cost, size, value etc. of sth, but without calculating it exactly
•~ sth (at sth) The satellite will cost an estimated £400 million.
• Police estimate the crowd at 30 000.
•~ sth to do sth The deal is estimated to be worth around $1.5 million.
•~ (that)… We estimated (that) it would cost about €5 000.
•it is estimated (that)… It is estimated (that) the project will last four years.
•~ how many, large, etc… It is hard to estimate how many children suffer from dyslexia.
Verb forms:

Word Origin:
late Middle English: from Latin aestimat- ‘determined, appraised’, from the verb aestimare. The noun originally meant ‘intellectual ability, comprehension’ (only in late Middle English), later ‘valuing, a valuation’ (compare with ↑estimation). The verb originally meant ‘to think well or badly of someone or something’ (late 15th cent.), later ‘regard as being, consider to be’ (compare with ↑esteem).

Thesaurus:
estimate verb T, often passive
•Police estimated the size of the crowd at 50 000.
judge • • guess • • reckon • • assess • • calculate • • gauge • |especially AmE figure • |formal extrapolate •
estimate/judge/guess/reckon/assess/calculate/gauge/extrapolate sth from sth
estimate/reckon/assess/calculate sth at sth
estimate/judge/guess/reckon/calculate/figure/extrapolate that…
estimate/judge/guess/assess/calculate/figure/gauge how much/how many/how far, etc.
Estimate or judge? People estimate future costs and lengths of time which cannot be calculated exactly by thinking carefully about the information available; people judge distances and speeds using their experience as a quick guide.

Example Bank:
•It is conservatively estimated that not less than half a million people died in the famine.
•The results of the survey were used to estimate the preferences of the population at large.
•The strike was officially estimated to have cost $80 million.
•This made it possible to estimate the effect of workplace ventilation.
•We estimated the cost at €50 000.
•how to roughly estimate your caloric intake
•substantially more than previously estimated
•Estimate the time it will take to complete each section.
•It is estimated that the project will last about four years.
•It's hard to estimate just how many children are living in poverty.
•Police estimated the size of the crowd at 50 000.
•The deal is estimated to be worth over a million pounds.
•The satellite will cost an estimated $500m.
•The scale of the problem has been estimated by a number of different surveys.
•We estimated that the distance would be roughly 200 km.