Tra từ struggle - Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

strug·gle [struggle struggles struggled struggling] verb, noun BrE [ˈstrʌɡl] NAmE [ˈstrʌɡl]
verb
1. intransitive to try very hard to do sth when it is difficult or when there are a lot of problems
•~ (for sth) a country struggling for independence
• Shona struggled for breath.
•life as a struggling artist (= one who is very poor)
•~ to do sth They struggled just to pay their bills.
•She struggled for 10 years to achieve success as an actress.
2. intransitive + adv./prep. to move somewhere or do sth with difficulty
• I struggled up the hill with the heavy bags.
• Paul struggled out of his wheelchair.
•She had to struggle into the tight dress.
3. intransitive to fight against sb/sth in order to prevent a bad situation or result
•~ (against sb/sth) He struggled against cancer for two years.
•~ (with sb/sth) Lisa struggled with her conscience before talking to the police.
4. intransitive to fight sb or try to get away from them
• I struggled and screamed for help.
•~ together Ben and Jack struggled together on the grass.
•~ with sb James was hit in the mouth as he struggled with the raiders.
•+ adj. How did she manage to struggle free?
5. intransitive ~ (with sb) (for sth) to compete or argue with sb, especially in order to get sth
•rival leaders struggling for power
Verb forms:

Word Origin:
late Middle English: frequentative, perhaps of imitative origin. The noun dates from the late 17th cent.

Example Bank:
•For years, she struggled to make ends meet.
•He struggled desperately to get to the shore.
•He struggled hard to keep the boat upright.
•He was hit in the mouth as he struggled with the raiders.
•He was really struggling in geometry.
•I was unemployed and struggling financially.
•I'm really struggling with this essay.
•She struggled against her attacker.
•She struggled furiously but could not get away.
•She struggled on despite the pain.
•She struggled to her feet and set off after him.
•Shona struggled for breath.
•The attacker's victim managed to struggle free.
•The family struggled through the next few years.
•The small boat struggled against the waves.
•The team struggled badly last season.
•They struggled up the hill.
•How did she manage to struggle free?
•The firms are struggling for market share.
•The general tone of the work is about humanity struggling against all odds.
•The president and the parliament are struggling for power.
•The two men struggled for control of the party.
•They had struggled valiantly to keep the railway operating.
•We should all struggle against injustice.
Derived: ↑struggle on

noun
1. countable a hard fight in which people try to obtain or achieve sth, especially sth that sb else does not want them to have
•a power/leadership struggle
•~ (with sb) (for/against sth) a struggle for independence
• Three teams are locked in a struggle for this year's title.
•~ (with sb) (to do sth) He is engaged in a bitter struggle with his rival to get control of the company.
•~ (between A and B) the struggle between good and evil
•She will not give up her children without a struggle.
2. countable a physical fight between two people or groups of people, especially when one of them is trying to escape, or to get sth from the other
• There were no signs of a struggle at the murder scene.
• After a short struggle, I managed to get the knife away from him.
3. singular ~ (to do sth) something that is difficult for you to do or achieve
Syn: ↑effort
• It was a real struggle to be ready on time.
• They face an uphill struggle to get to the finals of the competition.

Word Origin:
late Middle English: frequentative, perhaps of imitative origin. The noun dates from the late 17th cent.

Synonyms:
campaign
battle • struggle • drive • war • fight
These are all words for an effort made to achieve or prevent sth.
campaign • a series of planned activities that are intended to achieve a particular social, commercial or political aim: ▪ the campaign for parliamentary reform ◇ ▪ an advertising campaign
battle • a competition or argument between people or groups of people trying to win power or control: ▪ She finally won the legal battle for compensation. ◇ ▪ the endless battle between man and nature
struggle • a competition or argument between people or groups of people trying to win power or control: ▪ the struggle for independence ◇ ▪ the struggle between good and evil
battle or struggle?
A struggle is always about things that seem absolutely necessary, such as life and death or freedom. A battle can also be about things that are not absolutely necessary, just desirable, or about the pleasure of winning: ▪ the battle/struggle between good and evil ◇ a legal struggle for compensation ◇ a struggle of wills/wits.
drive • an organized effort by a group of people to achieve sth: ▪ the drive for greater efficiency ◇ ▪ a drive to reduce energy consumption
campaign or drive?
A campaign is usually aimed at getting other people to do sth; a drive may be an attempt by people to get themselves to do sth: ▪ From today, we're going on an ▪ economy drive ▪ ▪ (= we must spend less) ▪. A campaign may be larger, more formal and more organized than a drive.
war • [sing.] an effort over a long period of time to get rid of or stop sth bad: ▪ the war against crime
fight • [sing.] the work of trying to stop or prevent sth bad or achieve sth good; an act of competing, especially in a sport: ▪ Workers won their fight to stop compulsory redundancies.
war or fight?
A war is about stopping things, like drugs and crime, that everyone agrees are bad. A fight can be about achieving justice for yourself.
a campaign/battle/struggle/drive/war/fight against sth
a campaign/battle/struggle/drive/fight for sth
a one-man/one-woman/personal campaign/battle/struggle/war
a bitter campaign/battle/struggle/drive/war/fight
to launch/embark on a campaign/battle/drive
to lead/continue the campaign/battle/struggle/drive/fight
to win/lose a battle/struggle/war/fight

Synonyms:
fight
clash • brawl • struggle • scuffle
These are all words for a situation in which people try to defeat each other using physical force.
fight • a situation in which two or more people try to defeat each other using physical force: ▪ He got into a fight with a man in the bar.
clash • (journalism) a short fight between two groups of people: ▪ Clashes broke out between police and demonstrators.
brawl • a noisy and violent fight involving a group of people, usually in a public place: ▪ a drunken brawl in a bar
struggle • a fight between two people or groups of people, especially when one of them is trying to escape, or to get sth from the other: ▪ There were no signs of a struggle at the murder scene.
scuffle • a short and not very violent fight or struggle: ▪ He was involved in a scuffle with a photographer.
a fight/clash/brawl/struggle/scuffle over sth
in a fight/brawl/struggle/scuffle
a violent fight/clash/struggle
to be in/get into/be involved in a fight/clash/brawl/scuffle
a fight/clash/brawl/scuffle breaks out

Example Bank:
•After 150 years of struggle against colonial rule, the country won its independence.
•He was involved in a struggle with the police.
•I've given up the struggle to keep my house clean.
•If someone snatched your bag, would you put up a struggle?
•It was a bit of a struggle for me to get there so early.
•It will be an uphill struggle to maintain exports at the current level.
•Marx wrote about the class struggle.
•One of the guards was hurt in the struggle.
•She won't give up without a struggle.
•The UN supported what it saw as the just struggle of an oppressed people.
•The author illustrates the inner struggles of this complicated woman.
•The group supported the armed struggle against the dictator.
•The party is locked in an internal struggle.
•The police said that there was no sign of a struggle by the murder victim.
•There were the sounds of a desperate struggle.
•They took up the struggle against racism.
•We had a real struggle to get everything into the suitcase.
•a struggle over the property
•species engaged in a life-or-death struggle with the environment
•the daily struggle for survival
•the long struggle for democracy
•the struggle against fascism
•He was a major player in the struggle for independence.
•The teams are locked in a struggle for this year's title.
•the battle/struggle between good and evil/man and nature