ruffle

Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

ruf·fle [ruffle ruffles ruffled ruffling] verb, noun BrE [ˈrʌfl] NAmE [ˈrʌfl]
verb
1. to disturb the smooth surface of sth, so that it is not even
•~ sth She ruffled his hair affectionately.
•A light breeze ruffled the surface of the lake.
•~ sth up The bird ruffled up its feathers.
2. often passive ~ sb to make sb annoyed, worried or upset
Syn: ↑fluster
•Nothing ever seems to ruffle Susan.
•She was obviously ruffled by his question.
•He never gets ruffled, even under pressure.
more at smooth (sb's) ruffled feathers at ↑smooth _v.
Verb forms:

Word Origin:
Middle English (as a verb): of unknown origin. Current noun senses date from the late 17th cent.
Idiom: ↑ruffle a few feathers
 
noun usually plural
a strip of cloth that is sewn in folds and is used to decorate a piece of clothing at the neck or wrists
Syn: ↑frill

Word Origin:
Middle English (as a verb): of unknown origin. Current noun senses date from the late 17th cent.
 

• Từ đồng nghĩa / Synonyms:
  affray, disturbance, fray, choker, ruff, neck ruff, frill, flounce, furbelow, pleat, ruffle up, rumple, mess up, fluff, shuffle, mix, flick, riffle, tittup, swagger, prance, strut, sashay, cock, ripple, cockle, undulate