Tra từ fight - Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

fight [fight fights fought fighting] verb, noun BrE [faɪt] NAmE [faɪt]
verb (fought, foughtBrE [fɔːt] ; NAmE [fɔːt] )

IN WAR/BATTLE
1. intransitive, transitive to take part in a war or battle against an enemy
•soldiers trained to fight
• He fought in Vietnam.
•~ against sb My grandfather fought against the Fascists in Spain.
•~ sb/sth to fight a war/battle
•They gathered soldiers to fight the invading army.

STRUGGLE/HIT
2. intransitive, transitive ~ (sb) to struggle physically with sb
• My little brothers are always fighting.
• She'll fight like a tiger to protect her children.

IN CONTEST
3. transitive, intransitive to take part in a contest against sb
•~ sb/sth (for sth) to fight an election/a campaign
•~ for sth She's fighting for a place in the national team.

OPPOSE
4. transitive, intransitive ~ (sth) to try hard to stop, deal with or oppose sth bad
•to fight racism/corruption/poverty, etc.
• Workers are fighting the decision to close the factory.
• The fire crews had problems fighting the blaze.
•We will fight for as long as it takes.

TRY TO GET/DO STH
5. intransitive, transitive to try very hard to get sth or to achieve sth
•~ (for sth) He's still fighting for compensation after the accident.
•~ your way… She gradually fought her way to the top of the company.
•~ to do sth Doctors fought for more than six hours to save his life.

ARGUE
6. intransitive ~ (with sb) (about/over sth) to have an argument with sb about sth
• It's a trivial matter and not worth fighting about.
• I remember lying in bed listening to my parents fighting.

IN BOXING
7. intransitive, transitive ~ (sb) to take part in a ↑boxing match
•Doctors fear he may never fight again.

LAW
8. transitive, intransitive to try to get what you want in court
•~ (sb) for sth He fought his wife for custody of the children.
•~ sth I'm determined to fight the case.
more at live to fight another day at ↑live ¹
Verb forms:

Word Origin:
Old English feohtan (verb), feoht(e), gefeoht (noun), of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch vechten, gevecht and German fechten, Gefecht.

Thesaurus:
fight verb
1. I, T
•The soldiers were trained to fight in the jungle.
wage • • skirmish • |formal engage • • take up arms •
fight/skirmish/engage with sb/sth
fight/take up arms against sb/sth
fight/wage (a) war/battle/campaign
2. I, T
•She fought her attacker bravely.
wrestle • • struggle • • brawl • • grapple • • box • • scuffle • |especially journalism clash •
fight/wrestle/struggle/brawl/grapple/scuffle/clash with sb
fight/struggle/box against sb
fight/struggle fiercely/furiously
3. I, T
•There are ten parties fighting the election.
compete • • struggle • • contest • |formal vie • |especially journalism battle •
fight/compete/struggle/vie/battle for sth
fight/compete/struggle/vie for power
fight/compete/struggle/battle hard
4. T, I
•Workers are fighting the decision to close the factory.
combat • • oppose • • resist • • defy • • rebel •
fight/rebel against sb/sth
fight/oppose/resist a plan/proposal
fight/combat crime/disease/pollution/inflation
5. I, T
•Campaigners fought to save the school from closure.
campaign • • work • • lobby • • agitate •
fight/campaign/work/lobby/agitate for/to do sth
fight/campaign/lobby on behalf of sb
a group fights/campaigns/works/lobbies
Fight or campaign? Campaigning is often to persuade people that a political or social change is needed, or a practice needs to be stopped. Fight is often used to talk about achieving justice for yourself, for example gaining the right to do sth.
6. I (AmE)
•It's not worth fighting about.
argue • • quarrel • • fall out • • squabble • • bicker • |BrE, informal row • |especially journalism clash •
fight/argue/quarrel/fall out/squabble/bicker/row/clash with sb
fight/argue/quarrel/fall out/squabble/bicker/row/clash over sth
fight/argue/quarrel/fall out/squabble/bicker/row about sth

Collocations:
War and peace
Starting a war
declare/make/wage war (on sb/sth)
go to war (against/with sb)
cause/spark/provoke/foment/quell unrest
incite/lead/crush/suppress a revolt/rebellion
launch/mount/carry out a surprise/terrorist attack
prevent/halt/represent an escalation of the conflict
be torn apart by/be on the brink of civil war
enter/invade/occupy sb's territory
lead/launch/resist/repel an invasion
Military operations
adopt/develop/implement/pursue a military strategy
carry out/execute/perform military operations/manoeuvres/(especially US) maneuvers
send/deploy/station/pull back/withdraw troops
go on/fly/carry out a reconnaissance/rescue mission
train/equip/deploy army/military/combat units
lead/launch/conduct a raid/a surprise attack/an (air/airborne/amphibious) assault (on sb)
employ/use guerrilla tactics
conduct/wage biological/guerrilla warfare
fight/crush/defeat the rebels/the insurgency
suffer/inflict a crushing defeat
achieve/win a decisive victory
halt/stop the British/German/Russian advance
order/force a retreat
Fighting
join/serve in the army/navy/air force
be/go/remain/serve on active duty
serve/complete/return from a tour of duty
be sent to the front (line)
attack/strike/engage/defeat/kill/destroy the enemy
see/report/be engaged in heavy fighting
call for/be met with armed resistance
come under heavy/machine-gun/mortar fire
fire a machine-gun/mortar shells/rockets (at sb/sth)
shoot a rifle/a pistol/bullets/missiles
launch/fire a cruise/ballistic/anti-tank missile
use biological/chemical/nuclear weapons
inflict/suffer/sustain heavy losses/casualties
be hit/killed by enemy/friendly/artillery fire
become/be held as a prisoner of war
Civilians in war
harm/kill/target/protect innocent/unarmed civilians
cause/avoid/limit/minimize civilian casualties/collateral damage
impose/enforce/lift a curfew
engage in/be a victim of ethnic cleansing
be sent to an internment/a concentration camp
accept/house/resettle refugees fleeing from war
fear/threaten military/violent reprisals
commit/be accused of war crimes/crimes against humanity/genocide
Making peace
make/bring/win/achieve/maintain/promote peace
call for/negotiate/broker/declare a ceasefire/a temporary truce
sign a ceasefire agreement
call for/bring/put an end to hostilities
demand/negotiate/accept the surrender of sb/sth
establish/send (in) a peacekeeping force
negotiate/conclude/ratify/sign/accept/reject/break/violate a peace treaty

Example Bank:
•Children will fight even over small things.
•He did not believe that the enemy was ready to fight.
•He fought alongside his comrades.
•He fought hard to overcome his disability.
•He taught me how to fight with a sword.
•He was stabbed as he tried to fight the robbers off.
•He's always fighting with his brother.
•Regional monopolies were bitterly fought for.
•Riot police fought with militants demonstrating in support of the uprising.
•She fought hard against his strong grip.
•The second half was fiercely fought, but neither side managed to score.
•The soldiers were prepared to fight to the death if they had to.
•They are committed to fighting against racism.
•They fought bravely against the enemy.
•They fought for control of the island.
•They were fighting over disputed land.
•We are fighting for equal rights.
•We need a good manager who is prepared to fight for a fair share of the funds.
•Campaigners fought to save the hospital from closure.
•Collins fought back to level the match at 2 sets all.
•Doctors fear he may never fight again following his injury in last night's match.
•Four teams will fight it out in the play-offs.
•He's still fighting for compensation after the accident.
•It was a hard fought campaign.
•She fought her attacker, eventually forcing him to flee.
•She fought tooth and nail to keep custody of the children.
•She's fighting for a place in the national team.
•The country fought several wars against its neighbours.
•The organization fights on behalf of political prisoners across the world.
•The soldiers were trained to fight in the jungle.
•There are twelve parties fighting the election.
•We are committed to fighting poverty.

Example Bank:
•Even if the fighting dies down, no answer is in sight to the political crisis.
•Fierce fighting broke out among the refugees.
•For nearly two months the fighting raged.
•He prefers others to do the fighting for him.
•He was badly wounded during the fighting.
•The conspirators took no part in the fighting which ensued.
•The sword and mace were favourite weapons for hand-to-hand fighting.
•The talks are intended to end the fighting.
•There has been renewed fighting between the government forces and the rebels.
•refugees fleeing the fighting
•Heavy fighting broke out in the east of the country.
•There were outbreaks of street fighting in three districts of the city last night.
•Why can't we stop all this fighting and talk sensibly?
Idioms: ↑fight a losing battle ▪ ↑fight fire with fire ▪ ↑fight for life ▪ ↑fight shy of of doing something ▪ ↑fight to the death ▪ ↑fight to the finish ▪ ↑fight tooth and nail ▪ ↑fight your ▪ ↑fight your own battles ▪ ↑fighting chance ▪ ↑fighting fit ▪ ↑fighting spirit ▪ ↑fighting talk
Derived Word: ↑fighting
Derived: ↑fight back ▪ ↑fight it out ▪ ↑fight out something ▪ ↑fight somebody off ▪ ↑fight something back

noun

STRUGGLE
1. countable a struggle against sb/sth using physical force
•~ (with sb/sth) He got into a fight with a man in the bar.
• I had a fight with the ticket machine, which was being temperamental.
•a street/gang fight
•~ (between A and B) A fight broke out between rival groups of fans.
•a world title fight (= fighting as a sport, especially ↑boxing )

TRYING TO GET/DO STH
2. singular the work of trying to destroy, prevent or achieve sth
•~ (against sth) the fight against crime
•~ (for sth) a fight for survival
•~ (to do sth) Workers won their fight to stop compulsory redundancies.

COMPETITION
3. singular a competition or an act of competing, especially in a sport
• The team put up a good fight (= they played well) but were finally beaten.
•She now has a fight on her hands (= will have to play very well) to make it through to the next round.

ARGUMENT
4. countable ~ (with sb) (over/about sth) (especially NAmE)an argument about sth
• Did you have a fight with him?
• We had a fight over money.

BATTLE/WAR
5. countable a battle, especially for a particular place or position
•In the fight for Lemburg, the Austrians were defeated.

DESIRE TO FIGHT
6. uncountable the desire or ability to keep fighting for sth
•In spite of many defeats, they still had plenty of fight left in them.
•Losing their leader took all the fight out of them.
more at pick a fight at ↑pick _v., be spoiling for a fight at ↑spoil _v.

Word Origin:
Old English feohtan (verb), feoht(e), gefeoht (noun), of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch vechten, gevecht and German fechten, Gefecht.

Thesaurus:
fight noun
1. C
•He got into a fight in a bar.
brawl • • struggle • • scuffle • • tussle • |journalism clash •
a fight/brawl/struggle/scuffle/tussle/clash with sb
a fight/brawl/struggle/scuffle/tussle/clash between people
a fight/brawl/struggle/scuffle/tussle/clash over sth
be in/get into/be involved in a fight/brawl/scuffle/tussle/clash
2. sing.
•the fight against crime
war • • crusade • • battle • • struggle • • campaign •
a fight/crusade/battle/struggle/campaign for sth
a fight/war/crusade/battle/struggle/campaign against sth
a fight/war/battle/struggle between people
lead/continue the fight/war/crusade/battle/struggle/campaign
Fight, war or crusade? A war is about stopping things, like drugs and crime, that everyone agrees are bad. A fight can be about achieving justice for yourself. A crusade is often about persuading people to share your beliefs about what is right and wrong.
3. C (especially AmE)
•We had a fight over money.
argument • • quarrel • • squabble • • shouting match • • disagreement • • dispute • |BrE, informal row • |informal tiff •
a/an fight/argument/quarrel/squabble/shouting match/disagreement/row/tiff with sb
a/an fight/argument/quarrel/squabble/shouting match/disagreement/dispute/row/tiff between A and B
(a/an) fight/argument/quarrel/squabble/disagreement/dispute/row about/over sb/sth
a/an fight/argument/quarrel/row/dispute breaks out
Fight, argument, quarrel or row? A quarrel, row or fight is usually only between people who know each other:
•We had an argument with the waiter about the bill.
✗ We had a quarrel/row/fight with the waiter about the bill. A quarrel is less violent than a row or fight, but it can continue for a period of time; an argument can be violent or it can be a serious discussion.

Synonyms:
campaign
battle • struggle • drive • war • fight
These are all words for an effort made to achieve or prevent sth.
campaign • a series of planned activities that are intended to achieve a particular social, commercial or political aim: ▪ the campaign for parliamentary reform ◇ ▪ an advertising campaign
battle • a competition or argument between people or groups of people trying to win power or control: ▪ She finally won the legal battle for compensation. ◇ ▪ the endless battle between man and nature
struggle • a competition or argument between people or groups of people trying to win power or control: ▪ the struggle for independence ◇ ▪ the struggle between good and evil
battle or struggle?
A struggle is always about things that seem absolutely necessary, such as life and death or freedom. A battle can also be about things that are not absolutely necessary, just desirable, or about the pleasure of winning: ▪ the battle/struggle between good and evil ◇ a legal struggle for compensation ◇ a struggle of wills/wits.
drive • an organized effort by a group of people to achieve sth: ▪ the drive for greater efficiency ◇ ▪ a drive to reduce energy consumption
campaign or drive?
A campaign is usually aimed at getting other people to do sth; a drive may be an attempt by people to get themselves to do sth: ▪ From today, we're going on an ▪ economy drive ▪ ▪ (= we must spend less) ▪. A campaign may be larger, more formal and more organized than a drive.
war • [sing.] an effort over a long period of time to get rid of or stop sth bad: ▪ the war against crime
fight • [sing.] the work of trying to stop or prevent sth bad or achieve sth good; an act of competing, especially in a sport: ▪ Workers won their fight to stop compulsory redundancies.
war or fight?
A war is about stopping things, like drugs and crime, that everyone agrees are bad. A fight can be about achieving justice for yourself.
a campaign/battle/struggle/drive/war/fight against sth
a campaign/battle/struggle/drive/fight for sth
a one-man/one-woman/personal campaign/battle/struggle/war
a bitter campaign/battle/struggle/drive/war/fight
to launch/embark on a campaign/battle/drive
to lead/continue the campaign/battle/struggle/drive/fight
to win/lose a battle/struggle/war/fight

Synonyms:
fight
clash • brawl • struggle • scuffle
These are all words for a situation in which people try to defeat each other using physical force.
fight • a situation in which two or more people try to defeat each other using physical force: ▪ He got into a fight with a man in the bar.
clash • (journalism) a short fight between two groups of people: ▪ Clashes broke out between police and demonstrators.
brawl • a noisy and violent fight involving a group of people, usually in a public place: ▪ a drunken brawl in a bar
struggle • a fight between two people or groups of people, especially when one of them is trying to escape, or to get sth from the other: ▪ There were no signs of a struggle at the murder scene.
scuffle • a short and not very violent fight or struggle: ▪ He was involved in a scuffle with a photographer.
a fight/clash/brawl/struggle/scuffle over sth
in a fight/brawl/struggle/scuffle
a violent fight/clash/struggle
to be in/get into/be involved in a fight/clash/brawl/scuffle
a fight/clash/brawl/scuffle breaks out

Example Bank:
•Andy was drunk and spoiling for a fight.
•Are we losing the fight against illegal drugs?
•By 1807 politics had become a fight to the death between the two factions.
•Coal workers are determined to put up a fight to save their jobs.
•Doctors have now joined in the fight to make this treatment available to all.
•Don't get into any more fights!
•He is still engaged in a bitter fight with his old company.
•He killed a man in a fight.
•He tried to pick a fight with me.
•He was killed during a series of running fights outside a disco.
•I don't know who started the fight.
•I'm not giving up without a fight!
•If the polls are wrong and it's a fight to the finish, the result may not be known until all the votes have been counted.
•In a straight fight the army usually won.
•In a straight fight the crusaders usually won; in skirmishes, the Saracens often overcame their more numerous opponents.
•It was a fair fight and Stephen won.
•No doubt Ferguson wants his team to make a fight of it.
•Now he is facing his toughest fight yet— back to fitness after a series of injuries.
•She died at the age of 43 after a brave fight against cancer.
•She just gave up her fight for life.
•She now has a fight on her hands to make it through to the next round.
•She now has a fight on her hands= will have to play very well to make it through to the next round.
•She said they would continue their fight to find a cure for AIDS.
•She vowed to take her fight to the High Court.
•Suddenly the argument developed into a real fight.
•The dog fights took place every Sunday morning.
•The fight for justice goes on.
•The fight for supremacy in the sport is on.
•The fight is on to have this brutal practice stamped out.
•The fight was broken up by a teacher.
•The government has vowed to step up the fight against crime.
•The team put up a good fight but were finally beaten.
•The team put up a good fight= they played well but were finally beaten.
•There's nothing he likes so much as a good fight.
•They got involved in a fight with some older boys.
•They inadvertently got mixed up in a free fight involving some 20 people.
•They nearly had a fight over who should move first.
•This will be a straight fight between Labour and the Conservatives: the other parties are nowhere.
•This will be a straight fight between the two parties.
•Union leaders know that they have a real fight on their hands.
•a long fight to beat inflation
•a new weapon in the fight against car crime
•fights between hostile clans
•fights between police and football fans
•his fight with cancer
•lawyers leading the fight for compensation for the injured workers
•the company's desperate fight for survival in a cut-throat market
•the world title fight between Tyson and Lewis
•their fight for a fair deal
•Did you two have a fight?
•He has lined up a world title fight against Lewis.
•He is unbeaten in 34 fights.
•In the fight for Lemburg, the Austrians lost.
•The government has released new figures in the fight against crime.
•The referee stopped the fight in the third round.
•They got tickets to watch the world title fight.
•a fist fight