Tra từ rule - Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

rule [rule rules ruled ruling] noun, verb BrE [ruːl] NAmE [ruːl]
noun

OF ACTIVITY/GAME
1. countable a statement of what may, must or must not be done in a particular situation or when playing a game
•to follow/obey/observe the rules
• It's against all rules and regulations.
•to break a rule (= not follow it)
• This explains the rules under which the library operates.
•Without unwritten rules civilized life would be impossible.
•Normal competition rules apply.
•She laid down strict rules for her tenants including prompt payment of rent.
see also ↑ground rule

ADVICE
2. countable a statement of what you are advised to do in a particular situation
• There are no hard and fast rules for planning healthy meals.
• The first rule is to make eye contact with your interviewer.
see also ↑golden rule

HABIT/NORMALLY TRUE
3. countable, usually singular a habit; the normal state of things; what is true in most cases
• He makes it a rule never to borrow money.
• I go to bed early as a rule.
•Cold winters here are the exception rather than the rule (= are rare).
•As a general rule vegetable oils are better for you than animal fats.

OF SYSTEM
4. countable a statement of what is possible according to a particular system, for example the grammar of a language
•the rules of grammar

GOVERNMENT/CONTROL
5. uncountable the government of a country or control of a group of people by a particular person, group or system
•under Communist/civilian/military, etc. rule
•majority rule (= government by the political party that most people have voted for)
• The 1972 act imposed direct rule from Westminster.
see also ↑home rule

MEASURING TOOL
6. countable a measuring instrument with a straight edge
see also ↑slide rule
more at the exception proves the rule at ↑exception

Word Origin:
Middle English: from Old French reule (noun), reuler (verb), from late Latin regulare, from Latin regula ‘straight stick’.

Thesaurus:
rule noun
1. C
•Tackling a player without the ball is against the rules.
regulation • • law • • legislation • • act • • statute • • commandment •
the rules/regulations/laws on sth
against the rules/regulations/laws
obey a rule/the regulations/a law/a commandment
break a rule/regulation/law/commandment
2. U
•The country was in the process of a return to civilian rule.
control • • power • • authority • • command • |formal jurisdiction •
rule/control/power/authority/command/jurisdiction over sb/sth
be under sb's rule/control/authority/command/jurisdiction
direct rule/control/authority/command

Example Bank:
•Among her friends, casual dress and a relaxed manner are the rule.
•As a rule, hardly anybody uses this road.
•Couldn't they just bend the rules and let us in without a ticket?
•Employees are bound by rules of confidentiality.
•Follow these few simple rules, and you won't go far wrong.
•He made his children's lives a misery with all his petty rules.
•I believed I was acting within the rules.
•If he wanted a loan he would have to play by the bank's rules.
•New accounting rules come into force next year.
•Several proposed rule changes have been announced.
•Tackling a player without the ball is against the rules.
•The Internet has changed the rules of business.
•The aim is to get each member country to adhere to a single set of rules.
•The competition rules provide that a cash alternative may be given.
•The country remained under direct rule by the occupying powers.
•The existing rules allow for some flexibility.
•The music was turned off at midnight, in accordance with the rules.
•The officials went strictly by the rule book.
•The packaging does not conform to EU rules.
•The president imposed emergency rule following the riots.
•The punishment depends on how the umpire interprets the rules.
•The referee applied the rules to the letter.
•The rules keep changing.
•The rules of dating have had to be rewritten, thanks to the movies.
•The rules on claiming have been tightened up.
•The rules were drawn up to make it fair for everyone.
•The sport has strict rules for player safety.
•Their action was in breach of Stock Exchange rules.
•There are few exceptions to the general rule that bars close at midnight.
•There are no hard and fast rules when it comes to choosing a typeface.
•There seems to be one rule for the rich and another for the poor.
•Under this rule, only full members of the club are entitled to vote.
•What are the school rules about dress?
•What is the rule for forming plurals?
•You and your flatmates should establish some ground rules.
•You don't make the rules, you know.
•You should know the rules by now.
•a society based on the rule of law
•behaviour which is outside the rules
•federal rules on campaign fund-raising
•rules limiting imports
•the lawless days of mob rule
•the rules governing the importing of livestock
•the traditional rules of grammar
•Communist/military rule
•He occasionally allowed himself to break his own rule.
•He was punished for breaking school rules.
•He's a writer who doesn't seem to know the most basic rules of English grammar.
•I make it a rule never to mix business with pleasure.
•I've made it a rule not to talk to the press.
•It was an unspoken rule in my family that my mother was always right.
•It's one of my rules not to get into debt.
•Potatoes at the front of the stall and fruit at the back— that was his golden rule.
•She laid down strict rules for her tenants including prompt payment of rent.
•The first rule of interviews is to make eye contact with the interviewer.
•The golden rule of teaching is to remember that all children learn at different rates.
•There are no hard and fast rules for planning healthy meals.
•There are several exceptions to the rule ‘i” before “e” except after “c’.
•There was a gradual process of returning the country to civilian rule.
•Without unwritten rules civilized life would be impossible.
•a return to civilian/democratic/majority rule
•colonial/British/Ottoman rule
Idioms: ↑bend the rules ▪ ↑play by somebody's rules ▪ ↑play by the rules ▪ ↑rule of law ▪ ↑rule of thumb ▪ ↑rule the roost ▪ ↑rule with a rod of iron ▪ ↑rules of the game ▪ ↑work to rule
Derived: ↑rule off ▪ ↑rule somebody out ▪ ↑rule somebody out of something ▪ ↑rule something off

verb

GOVERN/CONTROL
1. transitive, intransitive to control and have authority over a country, a group of people, etc
•~ sth At that time John ruled England.
• The family ruled London's gangland in the sixties.
• (figurative)Eighty million years ago, dinosaurs ruled the earth.
•~ (over sb/sth) Charles I ruled for eleven years.
•She once ruled over a vast empire.
• (figurative)After the revolution, anarchy ruled.
2. transitive, often passive ~ sth (often disapproving)to be the main thing that influences and controls sb/sth
• The pursuit of money ruled his life.
• We live in a society where we are ruled by the clock.

GIVE OFFICIAL DECISION
3. intransitive, transitive to give an official decision about sth
Syn: ↑pronounce
•~ (on sth) The court will rule on the legality of the action.
•~ against/in favour of sb/sth The judge ruled against/in favour of the plaintiff.
•~ sb/sth + adj. The defendant was ruled not guilty.
•The deal may be ruled illegal.
•~ sb/sth to be/have sth The deal was ruled to be illegal.
•~ that… The court ruled that the women were unfairly dismissed.
•it is ruled that… It was ruled that the women had been unfairly dismissed.

DRAW STRAIGHT LINE
4. transitive ~ sth to draw a straight line using sth that has a firm straight edge
•Rule a line at the end of every piece of work.
more at rule/throw sth out of court at ↑court _n., divide and rule at ↑divide _v., let your heart rule your head at ↑heart
Verb forms:

Word Origin:
Middle English: from Old French reule (noun), reuler (verb), from late Latin regulare, from Latin regula ‘straight stick’.

Thesaurus:
rule verb
1. T, I
•Henry VII ruled for 24 years.
govern • • be in power • • reign •
rule/reign over sth
rule/govern a country
a (political) party rules/governs/is in power
a king/queen/monarch rules/reigns
2. I, T
•The court ruled that the deal was illegal.
order • • decree • • lay sth down • • prescribe • • dictate • • command • |formal legislate • • direct •
rule/legislate on/against sth
rule/order/decree/prescribe/dictate/command/legislate/direct that…
rule/order/decree/prescribe/dictate/direct how/what/who…

Example Bank:
•He left his son to rule over Saragossa.
•Infringement of this regulation would automatically rule you out of the championship.
•Police have now ruled her out as the killer.
•This theory cannot be ruled out altogether.
•We cannot rule out the possibility of a recession.
•the president's powers to rule by decree
•Have they become a ruling elite or even a new ruling class?
•He was a leading figure in the ruling military junta.
•Her whole life seemed to be ruled by fear.
•The country was ruled by a brutal dictatorship.
•The court ruled that the women had been unfairly dismissed.
•The family ruled London's gangland in the sixties.
•The high court will rule on the legality of the action.
•The judge ruled in favour of the plaintiff.
•The party announced it had pulled out of the ruling coalition.