Tra từ rock - Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

rock [rock rocks rocked rocking] noun, verb BrE [rɒk] NAmE [rɑːk]
noun

HARD MATERIAL
1. uncountable, countable the hard solid material that forms part of the surface of the earth and some other planets
• They drilled through several layers of rock to reach the oil.
•a cave with striking rock formations (= shapes made naturally from rock)
• The tunnel was blasted out of solid rock.
•volcanic/igneous/sedimentary, etc. rocks
2. countable a mass of rock standing above the earth's surface or in the sea/ocean
•the Rock of Gibraltar
• The ship crashed into the infamous Sker Point rocks and broke into three pieces.

3. countable a large single piece of rock
• They clambered over the rocks at the foot of the cliff.
• The sign said ‘Danger: falling rocks’.

STONE
4. countable (NAmE)a small stone
• Protesters pelted the soldiers with rocks.

MUSIC
5. (also ˈrock music)uncountable a type of loud popular music, developed in the 1960s, with a strong beat played on electric ↑guitars and drums
•punk rock
•a rock band/star

SWEET/CANDY
6. (BrE)uncountable a type of hard sweet/candy made in long sticks, often sold in places where people go on holiday/vacation by the sea/ocean
•a stick of Brighton rock

JEWEL
7. countable, usually plural (NAmE, informal)a ↑precious stone, especially a diamond

PERSON
8. countable, usually singular a person who is emotionally strong and who you can rely on
• He is my rock.
more at (as) steady as a rock at ↑steady _adj.

Word Origin:
n. senses 1 to 4 and n. senses 6 to 7 Middle English Old French rocque medieval Latin rocca n. sense 5 and v. late Old English roccian Germanic ‘remove, move’ Dutch rukken ‘jerk, tug’ German rücken ‘move’

Culture:
Rock (= the sweet) is usually flavoured with peppermint and coloured (usually bright pink) on the outside. In Britain, rock is sold especially in seaside towns, and has the name of the town all through the length of the stick on the inside.
See also ↑Edinburgh rock

Culture:
Rock music developed in the 1960s from ↑rock and roll. Rock later developed into forms such as ↑folk rock and ↑heavy metal.

Thesaurus:
rock noun U, C
•They drilled through several layers of rock to reach the oil.
stone • • boulder • • pebble •
solid rock/stone
throw a rock/stone/boulder/pebble
Rock or stone? Rock U is still a part of the ground; stone U has been dug up from the ground:
•houses built of stone
✗ houses built of rock:
•the rock walls of the cave
✗ the stone walls of the cave In British English people throw stones and a rock is sth too big to pick up and throw. In American English rock is the usual word for a small piece of rock that you can pick up.

Example Bank:
•A great rock jutted out into the water.
•Ahead the vegetation broke into bare rock.
•Children were looking for crabs in the rock pools.
•Lars taught me to skip rocks.
•Ryan changed the radio to a rock station.
•She was a rock chick through and through.
•Signs warn of the perils of falling rock.
•Solid rock is broken down by weathering.
•The castle is perched on a massive outcrop of rock.
•The path had been blocked by a rock fall.
•The river runs between walls of sheer rock.
•The rocks were slippery as I tried to climb them.
•They used to throw rocks at neighborhood dogs.
•You slept like a rock last night.
•an avalanche of loose rock
•influential rock critics
•one of the biggest bands on the rock circuit
•rocks that formed beneath the sea
•the king of rock and roll
•Demonstrators threw rocks at the police.
•a sea cave with striking rock formations
•volcanic/igneous/sedimentary rocks
Idioms: ↑between a rock and a hard place ▪ ↑get your rocks off ▪ ↑on the rocks ▪ ↑rock the boat

verb

MOVE GENTLY
1. intransitive, transitive to move gently backwards and forwards or from side to side; to make sb/sth move in this way
•(+ adv./prep.) The boat rocked from side to side in the waves.
•She was rocking backwards and forwards in her seat.
•~ sb/sth (+ adv./prep.) He rocked the baby gently in his arms.

SHOCK
2. transitive, often passive ~ sb/sth (rather informal)to shock sb/sth very much or make them afraid
•The country was rocked by a series of political scandals.
•The news rocked the world.

SHAKE
3. intransitive, transitive to shake or to make sth shake violently
•The house rocked when the bomb exploded.
•~ sth The town was rocked by an earthquake.
• (figurative)The scandal rocked the government (= made the situation difficult for it).

DANCE
4. intransitive (old-fashioned)to dance to rock music

BE GOOD
5. sth rocksintransitive (slang)used to say that sth is very good
•Her new movie rocks!
more at shake/rock the foundations of sthshake/rock sth to its foundations at ↑foundation
Verb forms:

Word Origin:
n. senses 1 to 4 and n. senses 6 to 7 Middle English Old French rocque medieval Latin rocca n. sense 5 and v. late Old English roccian Germanic ‘remove, move’ Dutch rukken ‘jerk, tug’ German rücken ‘move’

Example Bank:
•He rocked back and forth in his chair.
•She gently rocked the baby in her arms.
•The boat rocked slightly.
•The boat rocked violently in the huge waves.
•The boat rocked from side to side on the water.
•The raft was rocked by a huge wave.
•The whole house rocked when the bomb exploded.
•They had only a few minutes to get out before the blast rocked their houses.

See also: ↑rock music