Tra từ reduction - Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

re·duc·tion [reduction reductions] BrE [rɪˈdʌkʃn] NAmE [rɪˈdʌkʃn] noun
1. countable, uncountable ~ (in sth) an act of making sth less or smaller; the state of being made less or smaller
•a 33% reduction in the number of hospital beds available
• There has been some reduction in unemployment.
•a slight/significant/substantial/drastic reduction in costs
• The report recommends further reductions in air and noise emissions.
2. countable an amount of money by which sth is made cheaper
• There are reductions for children sharing a room with two adults.
3. countable a copy of a photograph, map, picture, etc. that is made smaller than the original one
Opp: ↑enlargement
4. uncountable, countable (chemistry)the fact of adding one or more ↑electrons to a substance or of removing ↑oxygen from a substance
compare ↑oxidation

Word Origin:
late Middle English (denoting the action of bringing back): from Old French, or from Latin reductio(n-), from reducere ‘bring back, restore’, from re- ‘back, again’ + ducere ‘bring, lead’. The sense development was broadly similar to that of ↑reduce; senses 1 and 2 date from the late 17th cent.

Thesaurus:
reduction noun C, U
•This year has seen a 33% reduction in the number of hospital beds available.
cut • • fall • • decline • • drop • • cutback • • discount • • downturn • • slump • |formal decrease •
Opp: increase
a reduction/cut/fall/decline/drop/cutback/downturn/slump/decrease in sth
a reduction/cut/fall/decline/drop/cutback/discount/decrease of 20%
see a reduction/fall/decline/drop/downturn/decrease
Reduction or cut? Reduction can be used for things that become less or smaller by themselves, or things that are reduced deliberately by sb. A cut is always made by sb. A cut is usually a negative thing and happens at one point in time; a reduction can be gradual:
•job/salary/pay cuts
• a gradual reduction in output
✗ a gradual cut in output

Example Bank:
•A small percentage reduction in the cost of materials would mean a significant increase in profit.
•Asian elephants have experienced a 50% reduction in numbers over the last three generations.
•Every effort is made to secure the highest possible reduction in casualties.
•Figures just released show a steady reduction in levels of emissions over the last four years.
•Guests staying 14 nights will receive a 10% reduction.
•I asked for a reduction as the dress was damaged.
•I haven't noticed any significant reduction in the performance of my car since switching to unleaded fuel.
•I welcome the reduction in road traffic fatalities.
•Our average margins dropped to 35%, which represents a reduction in gross margins of £109 million.
•Police said they had noticed a significant reduction in crime last year.
•She had a breast reduction last year.
•She proposed a reduction in the state president's powers.
•The IMF claims to put poverty reduction at the heart of its policies.
•The budget forecasts a deficit reduction of 27%.
•The changes may result in a greater reduction in employee numbers than we had previously expected.
•The company has had a reduction in sales.
•The gas company has announced price reductions for all customers.
•The government has found it difficult to make real reductions in government spending.
•The result is a 75 to 80% size reduction.
•There has been a sharp reduction in the number of accidents on motorways.
•These simple changes will make a substantial reduction in the fat content of your diet.
•They are concerned about the reduction in numbers of people eligible for legal aid.
•They suffered a severe reduction in income.
•a 25% reduction on normal subscription rates
•a drug strategy which prioritizes harm reduction
•a reduction in the speed limit from 50 to 40 miles per hour
•a reduction of carbon dioxide emissions
•a sale with massive reductions on selected items
•economic growth through a reduction in interest rates
•reduction by 30%
•the government's waste reduction targets
•the reduction in the number of hospital beds
•This year has seen a 33% reduction in the number of hospital beds available.