Tra từ jump - Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

jump [jump jumps jumped jumping] verb, noun BrE [dʒʌmp] NAmE [dʒʌmp]
verb

MOVE OFF/TO GROUND
1. intransitive to move quickly off the ground or away from a surface by pushing yourself with your legs and feet
• ‘Quick, jump!’ he shouted.
•+ adv./prep. to jump into the air/over a wall/into the water
• The children were jumping up and down with excitement.
•She jumped down from the chair.
•The pilot jumped from the burning plane (= with a ↑parachute ).
•+ noun She has jumped 2.2 metres.

PASS OVER STH
2. transitive to pass over sth by jumping
•~ sth Can you jump that gate?
• His horse fell as it jumped the last hurdle.
•~ sth + adv./prep. I jumped my horse over all the fences.
Syn: ↑leap

MOVE QUICKLY
3. intransitive + adv./prep. to move quickly and suddenly
• He jumped to his feet when they called his name.
• She jumped up and ran out of the room.
•Do you want a ride? Jump in.
4. intransitive to make a sudden movement because of surprise, fear or excitement
• A loud bang made me jump.
• Her heart jumped when she heard the news.

INCREASE
5. intransitive to rise suddenly by a large amount
Syn: ↑leap
•~ by… Prices jumped by 60% last year.
•~ (from…) (to…) Sales jumped from $2.7 billion to $3.5 billion.

CHANGE SUDDENLY
6. intransitive ~ (about) (from sth to sth) to change suddenly from one subject to another
• I couldn't follow the talk because he kept jumping about from one topic to another.
• The story then jumps from her childhood in New York to her first visit to London.

LEAVE OUT
7. transitive ~ sth to leave out sth and pass to a further point or stage
• You seem to have jumped several steps in the argument.

OF MACHINE/DEVICE
8. intransitive (+ adv./prep.) to move suddenly and unexpectedly, especially out of the correct position
• The needle jumped across the dial.
• The film jumped during projection.

ATTACK
9. transitive, intransitive ~ (on) sb (informal)to attack sb suddenly
•The thieves jumped him in a dark alleyway.

VEHICLE
10. transitive ~ sth (NAmE)to get on a vehicle very quickly
•to jump a bus
11. (NAmE) = ↑jump-start

BE LIVELY
12. be jumpingintransitive (informal)to be very lively
•The bar's jumping tonight.
more at climb/jump on the bandwagon at ↑bandwagon, jump/leap to conclusionsjump/leap to the conclusion that… at ↑conclusion, jump/be thrown in at the deep end at ↑deep _adj.
Syn: leap at
Verb forms:

Word Origin:
early 16th cent. (in the sense ‘be moved or thrown with a sudden jerk’): probably imitative of the sound of feet coming into contact with the ground.

Thesaurus:
jump verb
1. I, T
•He jumped over the fence.
hurdle • • vault • • hop • • bounce • |written leap •
jump/hurdle/vault/hop/leap over sth
jump/hop/bounce/leap up and down
jump/hurdle/vault/leap a fence/hedge/wall
2. I (always used with an adverb or preposition)
•She jumped up and ran off.
leap • • spring • |informal hop •
jump/leap/spring/hop up/down/out
jump/leap/spring to your feet/into action/in the air
jump/leap/hop into bed/into your car/onto your bike
jump/hop on a bus/train/plane
Do you want a ride? Jump/hop in.
Which word? Jump is used most often for quick body movements (jump up/to your feet). Leap is used most for longer distances and more figurative actions (leap into action/to sb's defence). Spring is used especially about animals. Hop is usually used for getting into or out of vehicles.
3. I
•A loud bang made me jump.
flinch • • cower • • cringe • |written recoil • • shrink •
jump/flinch/cringe/recoil at sth
make sb jump/flinch/cower/cringe/recoil
Jump or flinch? You jump with your whole body, especially because you are surprised. Flinching may be a smaller movement of the face or part of the body, caused by pain or fear.

Example Bank:
•Can you jump over that fence?
•He almost jumped in surprise.
•He crept up behind me and made me jump.
•He had to jump from a first floor window.
•He tried to jump back on board.
•He was jumping up and down with excitement.
•I nearly jumped out of my skin when he told me.
•Profits jumped by 15 per cent during the year.
•Shares jumped 2p to 222p.
•She jumped slightly at the sound of the bell.
•She jumped up onto the table.
•She practically jumped out of bed.
•Stop jumping on the furniture!
•The movie then jumps ahead to twenty years in the future.
•There was a loud bang that made me jump.
•They all jumped for joy and hugged each other.
•When she heard the news she immediately jumped on a plane to France.
•‘Quick! Jump!’ she shouted.
•He can jump over two metres.
•He jumped high into the air.
•He jumped the stream and carried on up the hill.
•Her horse fell as it jumped the last fence.
•I held my nose and jumped into the water.
•I jumped into bed and pulled the covers right over me.
•I tried to get him to jump but he wouldn't.
•Jump in and I'll give you a lift.
•Prices jumped by 60 % last year.
•She nearly jumped out of her skin when she saw me.
•The dog kept jumping up at me.
•The pilot jumped from the burning plane.
Idioms: ↑jump down somebody's throat ▪ ↑jump out of your skin ▪ ↑jump ship ▪ ↑jump the gun ▪ ↑jump the lights ▪ ↑jump the queue ▪ ↑jump the rails ▪ ↑jump through hoops ▪ ↑jump to it ▪ ↑jumping up and down ▪ ↑keep one jump ahead
Derived: ↑jump at somebody ▪ ↑jump at something ▪ ↑jump in ▪ ↑jump on somebody ▪ ↑jump out at somebody

noun

MOVEMENT
1. an act of jumping
•a jump of over six metres
• The story takes a jump back in time.
• Somehow he survived the jump from the third floor of the building.
•to do a parachute jump
•a ski jump champion
•I sat up with a jump (= quickly and suddenly).
•The negotiations took a jump forward yesterday (= they made progress).
see also ↑high jump, ↑long jump, ↑ski jump, ↑triple jump

BARRIER
2. a barrier like a narrow fence that a horse or a runner has to jump over in a race or competition
• The horse fell at the last jump.

INCREASE
3. ~ (in sth) a sudden increase in amount, price or value
•a 20 per cent jump in pre-tax profits
•unusually large price jumps
more at be for the high jump at ↑high jump, take a running jump at ↑running _adj.

Word Origin:
early 16th cent. (in the sense ‘be moved or thrown with a sudden jerk’): probably imitative of the sound of feet coming into contact with the ground.

Example Bank:
•Cats can clear six feet with a standing jump.
•He took a running jump and just managed to clear the stream.
•He's going to do a parachute jump for charity.
•Her heart gave a little jump at his smile.
•I sat up with a jump.
•Is he good enough to make the jump into Formula One?
•She made a jump for the river bank.
•The champion fell at the water jump.
•The new law is a jump into the unknown.
•The sportswear company reports a jump in sales since the Olympics.
•There's been no sudden jump, but a steady increase year on year.
•She managed a jump of 1.6 metres.

See also: ↑hop to it ▪ ↑jump at somebody ▪ ↑jump the line ▪ ↑run a light ▪ ↑run the lights