Tra từ hammer - Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

ham·mer [hammer hammers hammered hammering] noun, verb BrE [ˈhæmə(r)] NAmE [ˈhæmər]
noun

TOOL
1. countable a tool with a handle and a heavy metal head, used for breaking things or hitting nails: (figurative) The decision is a hammer blow for the steel industry.
•a gentle tap with a hammer
• He struck her on the head with a hammer.
see also ↑sledgehammer
2. countable a tool with a handle and a wooden head, used by a person in charge of an ↑auction (= a sale at which things are sold to the person who offers the most money) in order to get people's attention when sth is just being sold
•to come/go under the hammer (= to be sold at ↑auction )
•Forty modern Russian paintings went under the hammer at Christie's today.

IN PIANO
3. countable a small wooden part inside a piano, that hits the strings to produce a sound

IN GUN
4. countable a part inside a gun that makes the gun fire

SPORT
5. countable a metal ball attached to a wire, thrown as a sport
6. the hammersingular the event or sport of throwing the hammer

Word Origin:
Old English hamor, hamer, of Germanic origin: related to Dutch hamer, German Hammer, and Old Norse hamarr ‘rock’. The original sense was probably ‘stone tool’.

Example Bank:
•The decision is a hammer blow for the coal industry.
•the hammer and sickle of the Soviet flag
Idiom: ↑hammer and tongs
Derived: ↑hammer away at something ▪ ↑hammer out something ▪ ↑hammer something home ▪ ↑hammer something into somebody

verb

HIT WITH TOOL
1. intransitive, transitive to hit sth with a hammer
•I could hear somebody hammering next door.
•~ sth (in/into/onto sth) She hammered the nail into the wall.
•~ sth + adj. He was hammering the sheet of copper flat.

HIT MANY TIMES
2. intransitive, transitive to hit sth hard many times, especially so that it makes a loud noise
Syn: ↑pound
•Someone was hammering at the door.
•Hail was hammering down onto the roof.
• (figurative)I was so scared my heart was hammering (= beating very fast) in my chest.
•~ sth He hammered the door with his fists.

KICK/HIT BALL
3. transitive ~ sth (+ adv./prep.) (informal)to kick or hit a ball very hard
•He hammered the ball into the net.

DEFEAT EASILY
4. transitive ~ sb (informal)to defeat sb very easily
•Our team was hammered 5-1.
Verb forms:

Word Origin:
Old English hamor, hamer, of Germanic origin: related to Dutch hamer, German Hammer, and Old Norse hamarr ‘rock’. The original sense was probably ‘stone tool’.

Synonyms:
beat
batter • pound • lash • hammer
These words all mean to hit sb/sth many times, especially hard.
beat • to hit sb/sth a lot of times, especially very hard: ▪ Someone was beating at the door. ◇ ▪ A young man was found beaten to death last night. ◇ ▪ At that time, children were often beaten for quite minor offences ▪ (= as a punishment) ▪.
batter • to hit sb/sth hard a lot of times, especially in way that causes serious damage: ▪ He had been badly battered around the head and face. ◇ ▪ Severe winds have been battering the coast.
pound • to hit sb/sth hard a lot of times, especially in a way that makes a lot of noise: ▪ Heavy rain pounded on the roof.
lash • to hit sb/sth with a lot of force: ▪ The rain lashed at the window.
The subject of lash is often rain, wind, hail, sea or waves.
hammer • to hit sb/sth hard a lot of times, in a way that is noisy or violent: ▪ He hammered the door with his fists.
pound or hammer?
There is not much difference in meaning between these two, but to pound is sometimes a steadier action. To hammer can be more violent and it is often used figuratively.
to beat/batter/pound/lash/hammer sb/sth with sth
to beat/batter/pound/lash/hammer against sth
to beat/batter/pound/hammer on sth
to beat/batter/hammer sth down
the rain/wind/sea beats/batters/pounds/lashes (at) sth

Example Bank:
•The swords are then hammered into shape.
•Eastern counties were brutally hammered by the weekend flooding.
•Hailstones were hammering down onto the roof.
•I was so scared my heart was hammering in my chest.