Tra từ economy - Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

econ·omy AW [economy economies] BrE [ɪˈkɒnəmi] NAmE [ɪˈkɑːnəmi] noun (pl. econ·omies)
1. (often the economy)countable the relationship between production, trade and the supply of money in a particular country or region
• The economy is in recession.
•the world economy
•a market economy (= one in which the price is fixed according to both cost and demand)
2. countable a country, when you are thinking about its economic system
• Ireland was one of the fastest-growing economies in Western Europe in the 1990s.
3. countable, uncountable the use of the time, money, etc. that is available in a way that avoids waste
• We need to make substantial economies.
• It's a false economy to buy cheap clothes (= it seems cheaper but it is not really since they do not last very long).
•She writes with a great economy of words (= using only the necessary words).
• (BrE)We're on an economy drive at home (= trying to avoid waste and spend as little money as possible).
•Buy the large economy pack (= the one that gives you better value for money).
•to fly economy (class) (= by the cheapest class of air travel)
•an economy fare (= the cheapest)

Word Origin:
late 15th cent. (in the sense ‘management of material resources’): from French économie, or via Latin from Greek oikonomia ‘household management’, based on oikos ‘house’ + nemein ‘manage’. Current senses date from the 17th cent.

Collocations:
The economy
Managing the economy
handle/run/manage the economy
boost investment/spending/employment/growth
stimulate demand/the economy/industry
cut/reduce investment/spending/borrowing
reduce/curb/control/keep down inflation
create/fuel growth/demand/a boom/a bubble
encourage/foster/promote/stimulate/stifle innovation/competition
encourage/work with/compete with the private sector
increase/boost/promote US/agricultural exports
ban/restrict/block cheap/foreign imports
the economy grows/expands/shrinks/contracts/slows (down)/recovers/improves/is booming
enjoy an economic/housing/property boom
Economic problems
push up/drive up prices/costs/inflation
damage/hurt/destroy industry/the economy
cause/lead to/go into/avoid/escape recession
experience/suffer a recession/downturn
fight/combat inflation/deflation/unemployment
cause/create inflation/poverty/unemployment
create/burst a housing/stock market bubble
cause/trigger a stock market crash/the collapse of the banking system
face/be plunged into a financial/an economic crisis
be caught in/experience cycles of boom and bust
Public finance
cut/reduce/slash/increase/double the defence/(especially US) defense/education/aid budget
increase/boost/slash/cut public spending
increase/put up/raise/cut/lower/reduce taxes
raise/cut/lower/reduce interest rates
ease/loosen/tighten monetary policy
balance the (state/federal) budget
achieve/maintain a balanced budget
run a ($4 trillion) budget deficit/surplus
more collocations at ↑politics, ↑voting

Example Bank:
•A downturn in the economy is affecting many small businesses.
•A small manufacturing sector inhibits growth in the economy.
•Agriculture was the backbone of the economy.
•Bigger markets can provide significant economies of scale.
•Buying cheap shoes is a false economy.
•Cuba should have been able to diversify its economy.
•Drivers are needed in all sectors of the economy.
•Each party has its own strategy for building a strong economy.
•Government measures to slow the economy failed to curb fuel demand growth.
•In order for our bubble economy to continue expanding, Americans must continue spending.
•Income from this exported crop drove the economy of Mali.
•It has been a while since the economy experienced a deep economic downturn.
•It was impressive to see her economy of movement as she worked the machine.
•It's the industry which keeps our national economy moving.
•Japan has successfully modernized its economy.
•Large firms can benefit from economies of scale.
•Savings are being planned as part of a huge economy drive.
•Should we be worried that a dollar crisis threatens the economy?
•The South African economy emerged from decades of international isolation.
•The black economy booms when there is high unemployment.
•The company has improved the fuel economy of all its vehicles.
•The economy is functioning very poorly.
•The economy is humming along at a healthy 4% pace.
•The government devalued the currency to try to revive the flagging economy.
•The government has been criticized over the state of the economy.
•The government was accused of failing to run the economy competently.
•The region has an economy based on services and finance.
•This massive retailer has been shaping the economy for a decade.
•Tourism clearly dominates the local economy.
•Transport workers are employed in all sectors of the economy.
•We could achieve major economies in time with this new machinery.
•We want to support the local economy.
•a modern industrial economy
•possible economies in telephone costs
•the increasingly competitive global economy