Tra từ punish - Từ điển Oxford Learners Wordfinder Dictionary

1 punishing sb
2 different kinds of punishment
see also TRIAL, LAW

1 punishing sb
- to cause sb to suffer because they have done sth wrong: punish sb (for sth/doing sth); noun (U): punishment
He deserves to be punished for what he did. ◎ the fear of punishment ◎ physical punishment
- the way in which sb is punished: punishment
His punishment was thirty days in prison.
- a crime that you can be punished for is punishable (by sth)
This crime is punishable by death.
- a punishment that is appropriate and right is fair, just; opposites: unfair, unjust
- if a punishment is stronger than usual, it is heavy, harsh
a heavy prison sentence
- a punishment that is not strict or severe is lenient, light
a lenient prison sentence
- to punish sb severely to stop other people doing the same thing: make* an example of sb
As a warning to other car thieves, the judge decided to make an example of him and sent him to prison for three years.
※ being punished lightly or not at all
- to receive little or no punishment for sth: get* off with sth, get* off (lightly)
Sharon got off with a small fine as it was her first offence.
- to do sth wrong and not be punished for it: get* away with sth
He's so clever he could get away with anything.
- to decide not to punish sb for sth: overlook sth
I'll overlook it this time, but don't let it happen again.
※ punishment according to the law
- a punishment for breaking a rule or law: penalty; connected with punishment by law: penal
introduce stiffer penalties for car thieves ◎ the death penalty ◎ the penal code (= the system of laws of a country concerning crime and punishment)
- to tell sb who has been found guilty of a crime what their punishment will be: sentence sb (to sth); their punishment: sentence
He was sentenced to three years in prison and a fine of ※£1 000. ◎ a prison sentence
※ punishing sb who has hurt you
- something that you do to punish sb who has hurt you: revenge (noun U)
I want revenge on the people who attacked my brother.
- to punish sb for hurting you, your family or friends: get*/ take* (your) revenge (on sb) (for sth), (informal) pay* sb back (for sth/doing sth)
I'll pay you back for that mean trick.
- to hurt or harm sb who has hurt or harmed you: get* even (with sb)
- to punish sb because you are angry or upset, even though it is not their fault: take* it out on sb
Don't take it out on me. It wasn't me who stole your camera.

2 different kinds of punishment
※ physical punishments
- to hit a child as a punishment: smack sb, give* sb a smack
- to hit sb/sth many times, usually very hard: beat* sb/sth, give* sb/sth a beating
I shouted at the man to stop beating his dog. ◎ I was soon found out and given a good beating.
- punishment by hitting sb: corporal punishment (noun U)
※ punishments often used by schools and employers
- to take sth away from sb as a punishment: confiscate sth; noun (U): confiscation
The teacher confiscated Harry's computer game after she caught him playing with it in class.
- to send sb away from their school or job, for a limited period of time: suspend sb (from sth); noun (C/U): suspension
He was suspended from school for two weeks. ◎ She faces suspension or dismissal.
- to force sb to leave a school, country, club, etc as a punishment: expel sb (from sth); noun (C/U): expulsion
Two Britons have been expelled from France after causing trouble at a football match.
- to stop sb from leaving school: keep* sb in; an act of keeping sb in: detention (noun U)
Kevin's teacher kept him in after school for not doing his homework. ◎ The whole class was put in detention.
※ punishments which are decided by a court of law
- an amount of money that you have to pay for breaking a law: fine; to make sb pay a fine: fine sb (for sth/doing sth), give* sb a fine
If you don't pay your TV licence, you can be given a ※£1 000 fine.
- a building where criminals are kept as a punishment: prison (AmE penitentiary), jail (BrE also gaol)
- being kept in prison: imprisonment (noun U)
- imprisonment with heavy physical work as punishment: hard labour (AmE hard labor)(noun U)
※ more on prison PRISON
- killing sb as an official punishment: the death penalty (noun singular), capital punishment (noun U)
A lot of countries have abolished the death penalty.
- to kill sb as a punishment: execute sb; noun (C/U): execution
The execution was carried out by firing squad.
- a person who carries out an execution: executioner
- to stop or delay an execution: reprieve sb; noun: reprieve
He was given a last-minute reprieve.
- to change one punishment for another that is not so hard: commute sth (to sth)
After a big public protest, his death sentence was commuted to life imprisonment.
- to execute sb by hanging them with a rope round their neck: hang sb; noun (U/C): hanging; a person who does this: hangman; the structure used for hanging sb: gallows
When were public hangings abolished in this country?
- to execute sb by shooting them: shoot* sb; noun (U/C): shooting; a group of people who execute sb by shooting: firing squad
- to execute sb by using electricity: electrocute sb; noun (U): electrocution; the chair in which this is done: electric chair
- to execute sb by injecting them with a poison: execute sb by lethal injection
- to execute sb by cutting off their head: behead sb; noun (U/C): beheading
- to behead sb using a special machine: guillotine sb; noun (U/C): guillotining; the machine which is used: guillotine
Many people were guillotined during the French Revolution.
※ MORE ...
- a situation where a government forgives people who have committed crimes: amnesty
Hundreds of political prisoners were released under the general amnesty.
- protected from punishment: immune (from sth); noun (U): immunity (from sth)
Young children are immune from prosecution. ◎ The ambassador and his staff have diplomatic immunity.