run
1. a score in baseball made by a runner touching all four bases safely (Freq. 18)
- the Yankees scored 3 runs in the bottom of the 9th
- their first tally came in the 3rd inning
• Syn:
tally
• Derivationally related forms:
tally (for: tally)
• Hypernyms:
score
• Hyponyms:
earned run, unearned run, run batted in, rbi
2. the act of testing something (Freq. 5)
- in the experimental trials the amount of carbon was measured separately
- he called each flip of the coin a new trial
• Syn:
test, trial
• Derivationally related forms:
test (for: test)
• Hypernyms:
attempt, effort, endeavor, endeavour, try
• Hyponyms:
assay, clinical trial, clinical test, double blind, preclinical trial,
preclinical test, preclinical phase, audition, tryout, field trial, fitting,
try-on, trying on, MOT, MOT test, Ministry of Transportation test, pilot project,
pilot program, Snellen test
3. a race run on foot (Freq. 2)
- she broke the record for the half-mile run
• Syn:
footrace, foot race
• Hypernyms:
race
• Hyponyms:
funrun, fun run, marathon, obstacle race, steeplechase, track event
4. an unbroken series of events (Freq. 1)
- had a streak of bad luck
- Nicklaus had a run of birdies
• Syn:
streak
• Hypernyms:
succession
• Hyponyms:
losing streak, winning streak
5. (American football) a play in which a player attempts to carry the ball through or past the opposing team (Freq. 1)
- the defensive line braced to stop the run
- the coach put great emphasis on running
• Syn:
running, running play, running game
• Derivationally related forms:
run (for: running)
• Topics:
American football, American football game
• Hypernyms:
football play
• Hyponyms:
draw, draw play, end run, sweep, return,
reverse, rush, rushing
6. a regular trip (Freq. 1)
- the ship made its run in record time
• Hypernyms:
trip
7. the act of running;
traveling on foot at a fast pace (Freq. 1)
- he broke into a run
- his daily run keeps him fit
• Syn:
running
• Derivationally related forms:
run (for: running)
• Hypernyms:
locomotion, travel
• Hyponyms:
dash, sprint
8. the continuous period of time during which something (a machine or a factory) operates or continues in operation
- the assembly line was on a 12-hour run
• Hypernyms:
time period, period of time, period
• Hyponyms:
print run, press run, run-time
9. unrestricted freedom to use
- he has the run of the house
• Hypernyms:
liberty
10. the production achieved during a continuous period of operation (of a machine or factory etc.)
- a daily run of 100,000 gallons of paint
• Hypernyms:
indefinite quantity
11. a race between candidates for elective office
- I managed his campaign for governor
- he is raising money for a Senate run
• Syn:
political campaign, campaign
• Derivationally related forms:
campaign (for: campaign)
• Hypernyms:
race
• Hyponyms:
governor's race, campaign for governor, senate campaign, senate race
12. a small stream
• Syn:
rivulet, rill, runnel, streamlet
• Derivationally related forms:
stream (for: streamlet)
• Hypernyms:
stream, watercourse
13. a row of unravelled stitches
- she got a run in her stocking
• Syn:
ladder, ravel
• Derivationally related forms:
ravel (for: ravel), ladder (for: ladder)
• Hypernyms:
damage, harm, impairment
14. the pouring forth of a fluid
• Syn:
discharge, outpouring
• Derivationally related forms:
runny, discharge (for: discharge)
• Hypernyms:
flow, flowing
• Hyponyms:
jet, squirt, spurt, spirt, escape,
leak, leakage, outflow
15. an unbroken chronological sequence
- the play had a long run on Broadway
- the team enjoyed a brief run of victories
• Hypernyms:
sequence, chronological sequence, succession, successiveness, chronological succession
16. a short trip
- take a run into town
• Hypernyms:
trip
1. move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time (Freq. 106)
- Don't run--you'll be out of breath
- The children ran to the store
• See Also:
run around, run away
• Derivationally related forms:
runner, running
• Hypernyms:
travel rapidly, speed, hurry, zip
• Hyponyms:
trot, jog, clip, scurry, scamper,
skitter, scuttle, romp, run bases, streak, outrun,
sprint, lope, rush, hare
• Verb Frames:
- Something ----s
- Somebody ----s
- Somebody ----s PP
- The horses run across the field
2. flee;
take to one's heels;
cut and run (Freq. 38)
- If you see this man, run!
- The burglars escaped before the police showed up
• Syn:
scat, scarper, turn tail, lam, run away,
run away, bunk, head for the hills, take to the woods, escape,
fly the coop, break away
• Derivationally related forms:
runaway (for: run away), lam (for: lam)
• Hypernyms:
leave, go forth, go away
• Hyponyms:
flee, fly, take flight, skedaddle
• Verb Frames:
- Something ----s
- Somebody ----s
- Somebody ----s PP
3. stretch out over a distance, space, time, or scope;
run or extend between two points or beyond a certain point (Freq. 21)
- Service runs all the way to Cranbury
- His knowledge doesn't go very far
- My memory extends back to my fourth year of life
- The facts extend beyond a consideration of her personal assets
• Syn:
go, pass, lead, extend
• See Also:
extend to (for: extend), run along
• Derivationally related forms:
extent (for: extend)
• Hypernyms:
be
• Hyponyms:
come, radiate, ray, go far, go deep
• Verb Group:
range
• Verb Frames:
- Something is ----ing PP
4. direct or control;
projects, businesses, etc. (Freq. 20)
- She is running a relief operation in the Sudan
• Syn:
operate
• Derivationally related forms:
running, operation (for: operate), operator (for: operate)
• Hypernyms:
direct
• Hyponyms:
financier, work, block, warm up
• Verb Frames:
- Somebody ----s something
5. have a particular form (Freq. 10)
- the story or argument runs as follows
- as the saying goes...
• Syn:
go
• Hypernyms:
be
• Verb Frames:
- Something ----s
6. move along, of liquids (Freq. 9)
- Water flowed into the cave
- the Missouri feeds into the Mississippi
• Syn:
flow, feed, course
• See Also:
flow from (for: flow), run over
• Derivationally related forms:
course (for: course), flow (for: flow), flowing (for: flow)
• Hypernyms:
move
• Hyponyms:
flush, jet, gush, tide, surge,
circulate, eddy, purl, whirlpool, swirl, whirl,
waste, run off, run down, pour, spill, run out,
stream, well out, trickle, dribble, filter, drain,
seep, ooze, gutter
• Verb Frames:
- Something ----s
- Something is ----ing PP
- Water and oil run into the bowl
7. perform as expected when applied (Freq. 8)
- The washing machine won't go unless it's plugged in
- Does this old car still run well?
- This old radio doesn't work anymore
• Syn:
function, work, operate, go
• Ant:
malfunction (for: function)
• Derivationally related forms:
operative (for: operate), operant (for: operate), operation (for: operate), functioning (for: function)
• Hyponyms:
double, roll, cut, service, serve
• Verb Group:
work
• Verb Frames:
- Something ----s
- These cars won't run
8. run, stand, or compete for an office or a position (Freq. 7)
- Who's running for treasurer this year?
• Syn:
campaign
• Derivationally related forms:
campaign (for: campaign), campaigner (for: campaign)
• Hypernyms:
race
• Hyponyms:
stump, rerun, whistlestop, cross-file, register
• Verb Frames:
- Somebody ----s
- Somebody ----s PP
9. change or be different within limits (Freq. 7)
- Estimates for the losses in the earthquake range as high as $2 billion
- Interest rates run from 5 to 10 percent
- The instruments ranged from tuba to cymbals
- My students range from very bright to dull
• Syn:
range
• Derivationally related forms:
range (for: range)
• Hypernyms:
be
• Verb Group:
lead, go, pass, extend
• Verb Frames:
- Something ----s something
10. cause to emit recorded audio or video (Freq. 5)
- They ran the tapes over and over again
- I'll play you my favorite record
- He never tires of playing that video
• Syn:
play
• Verb Group:
execute, play
• Verb Frames:
- Somebody ----s something
- Something ----s something
- Sam and Sue run the movie
11. move about freely and without restraint, or act as if running around in an uncontrolled way (Freq. 4)
- who are these people running around in the building?
- She runs around telling everyone of her troubles
- let the dogs run free
• Hypernyms:
travel, go, move, locomote
• Verb Frames:
- Something is ----ing PP
- Somebody ----s PP
12. have a tendency or disposition to do or be something;
be inclined (Freq. 3)
- She tends to be nervous before her lectures
- These dresses run small
- He inclined to corpulence
• Syn:
tend, be given, lean, incline
• Derivationally related forms:
inclination (for: incline), tendency (for: tend)
• Hypernyms:
be
• Hyponyms:
take kindly to, suffer, gravitate
• Verb Frames:
- Somebody ----s to INFINITIVE
13. be operating, running or functioning (Freq. 3)
- The car is still running--turn it off!
• Ant:
idle
• Derivationally related forms:
running
• Hypernyms:
function, work, operate, go
• Verb Group:
function, work, operate, go
• Verb Frames:
- Something ----s
14. change from one state to another (Freq. 3)
- run amok
- run rogue
- run riot
• Hypernyms:
become, go, get
• Verb Frames:
- Something ----s Adjective/Noun
- Somebody ----s Adjective
- Somebody ----s something
- Something ----s something
15. cause to perform (Freq. 3)
- run a subject
- run a process
• Hypernyms:
process, treat
• Hyponyms:
rerun
• Verb Group:
play
• Verb Frames:
- Somebody ----s something
- Somebody ----s somebody
16. be affected by;
be subjected to (Freq. 2)
- run a temperature
- run a risk
• Hypernyms:
incur
• Verb Frames:
- Somebody ----s something
17. occur persistently (Freq. 2)
- Musical talent runs in the family
• Hypernyms:
occur
• Verb Group:
prevail, persist, die hard, endure
• Verb Frames:
- Something is ----ing PP
18. carry out (Freq. 2)
- run an errand
• Hypernyms:
carry through, accomplish, execute, carry out, action,
fulfill, fulfil
• Verb Frames:
- Somebody ----s something
19. pass over, across, or through (Freq. 2)
- He ran his eyes over her body
- She ran her fingers along the carved figurine
- He drew her hair through his fingers
• Syn:
guide, draw, pass
• See Also:
pass over (for: pass), pass around (for: pass)
• Hyponyms:
rub, thread
• Verb Group:
string, thread, draw, lead
• Verb Frames:
- Somebody ----s something PP
20. include as the content;
broadcast or publicize (Freq. 2)
- We ran the ad three times
- This paper carries a restaurant review
- All major networks carried the press conference
• Syn:
carry
• Hypernyms:
circulate, circularize, circularise, distribute, disseminate,
propagate, broadcast, spread, diffuse, disperse, pass around
• Verb Frames:
- Somebody ----s something
- Something ----s something
21. carry out a process or program, as on a computer or a machine (Freq. 2)
- Run the dishwasher
- run a new program on the Mac
- the computer executed the instruction
• Syn:
execute
• Derivationally related forms:
executive (for: execute)
• Hypernyms:
enforce, implement, apply
• Hyponyms:
step
• Verb Group:
play
• Verb Frames:
- Somebody ----s something
- Something ----s something
22. continue to exist (Freq. 2)
- These stories die hard
- The legend of Elvis endures
• Syn:
prevail, persist, die hard, endure
• Derivationally related forms:
diehard (for: die hard), persistent (for: persist), prevalence (for: prevail), prevalent (for: prevail)
• Hypernyms:
continue
• Hyponyms:
carry over, reverberate
• Verb Frames:
- Something ----s
23. deal in illegally, such as arms or liquor (Freq. 1)
• Syn:
black market
• Derivationally related forms:
black market (for: black market)
• Topics:
crime, offense, criminal offense, criminal offence, offence, law-breaking
• Hypernyms:
trade, merchandise
• Verb Group:
ply
• Verb Frames:
- Somebody ----s something
24. be diffused (Freq. 1)
- These dyes and colors are guaranteed not to run
• Syn:
bleed
• Hypernyms:
diffuse, spread, spread out, fan out
• Hyponyms:
crock
• Verb Group:
melt, melt down
• Verb Frames:
- Something ----s
25. cause something to pass or lead somewhere (Freq. 1)
- Run the wire behind the cabinet
• Syn:
lead
• Hypernyms:
pass, make pass
• Verb Group:
guide, draw, pass, range
• Verb Frames:
- Somebody ----s something PP
26. make without a miss (Freq. 1)
• Topics:
sport, athletics
• Hypernyms:
succeed, win, come through, bring home the bacon, deliver the goods
• Verb Frames:
- Somebody ----s something
27. cause an animal to move fast (Freq. 1)
- run the dogs
• Hypernyms:
move, displace
• Verb Group:
hunt, hunt down, track down
• Verb Frames:
- Somebody ----s something
- Something ----s something
- The men run the horses across the field
28. sail before the wind (Freq. 1)
• Hypernyms:
sail
• Verb Frames:
- Something ----s
- Somebody ----s
29. cover by running;
run a certain distance (Freq. 1)
- She ran 10 miles that day
• Hypernyms:
pass, go through, go across
• Verb Frames:
- Somebody ----s something
30. extend or continue for a certain period of time
- The film runs 5 hours
• Syn:
run for
• Hypernyms:
last, endure
• Verb Frames:
- Something ----s something
31. set animals loose to graze
• Hypernyms:
free, liberate, release, unloose, unloosen, loose
• Verb Frames:
- Somebody ----s something
32. run with the ball;
in such sports as football
• Derivationally related forms:
running
• Topics:
sport, athletics
• Verb Frames:
- Somebody ----s
33. travel rapidly, by any (unspecified) means
- Run to the store!
- She always runs to Italy, because she has a lover there
• Hypernyms:
travel, go, move, locomote
• Verb Frames:
- Somebody ----s
- Somebody ----s PP
34. pursue for food or sport (as of wild animals)
- Goering often hunted wild boars in Poland
- The dogs are running deer
- The Duke hunted in these woods
• Syn:
hunt, hunt down, track down
• Derivationally related forms:
hunt (for: hunt), hunter (for: hunt), hunting (for: hunt)
• Hypernyms:
capture, catch
• Hyponyms:
snipe, whale, still-hunt, ambush, turtle,
drive, rabbit, fowl, poach, seal, ferret,
course, foxhunt, jacklight, jack, hawk, falcon,
scrounge, forage
• Verb Group:
hunt
• Verb Frames:
- Somebody ----s
- Somebody ----s something
- Somebody ----s somebody
35. come unraveled or undone as if by snagging
- Her nylons were running
• Syn:
ladder
• Derivationally related forms:
ladder (for: ladder)
• Hypernyms:
break, separate, split up, fall apart, come apart
• Verb Group:
unravel
• Verb Frames:
- Something ----s
36. reduce or cause to be reduced from a solid to a liquid state, usually by heating
- melt butter
- melt down gold
- The wax melted in the sun
• Syn:
melt, melt down
• Derivationally related forms:
meltable (for: melt), melt (for: melt), melting (for: melt)
• Hypernyms:
dissolve, resolve, break up
• Hyponyms:
fuse, try, render
• Verb Group:
bleed
• Verb Frames:
- Something ----s
- Somebody ----s something
- Something ----s something
37. compete in a race
- he is running the Marathon this year
- let's race and see who gets there first
• Syn:
race
• See Also:
run off
• Derivationally related forms:
runner, running, race (for: race), racer (for: race), racing (for: race)
• Hypernyms:
compete, vie, contend
• Hyponyms:
show, place, boat-race, horse-race, campaign, speed skate
• Verb Frames:
- Somebody ----s
- Somebody ----s PP
- These cars won't run
38. travel a route regularly
- Ships ply the waters near the coast
• Syn:
ply
• Derivationally related forms:
plier (for: ply)
• Hypernyms:
travel, trip, jaunt
• Verb Group:
black market
• Verb Frames:
- Something is ----ing PP
- Somebody ----s PP
39. keep company
- the heifers run with the bulls to produce offspring
• Syn:
consort
• Derivationally related forms:
consort (for: consort)
• Hypernyms:
accompany
• Verb Frames:
- Something is ----ing PP
40. progress by being changed
- The speech has to go through several more drafts
- run through your presentation before the meeting
• Syn:
move, go
• Hypernyms:
change
• Verb Frames:
- Something is ----ing PP
- Somebody ----s PP
41. become undone
- the sweater unraveled
• Syn:
unravel
• Derivationally related forms:
unraveller (for: unravel)
• Hypernyms:
disintegrate
• Verb Group:
ladder
• Verb Frames:
- Something ----s
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